1. Short Trip Analysis for random cycle development
WLTP EU database
Short Trip Analysis for random cycle development
By Heinz Steven 1

2. Database and Approach
The EU part of the WLTP database was analysed with respect to percentiles of short trip parameter.
The following parameter were chosen:
a_max, a_pos_ave, v*a_pos_ave, RPA
The analysis was done for the following 3 speed classes separately:
Low, v_max <= 60 km/h,
Medium, 60 km/h < v_max <= 100 km/h,
High, v_max > 100 km/h. 2

3. a_max versus v_ave, whole DB
Figure 1 3

4. a_max versus v_ave, low
Figure 2 4

5. a_max versus v_ave, medium
Figure 3 5

6. a_max versus v_ave, high
Figure 4 6

7. a_pos_ave versus v_ave, whole DB
Figure 5 7

8. a_pos_ave versus v_ave, low
Figure 6 8

9. a_pos_ave versus v_ave, medium
Figure 7 9

10. a_pos_ave versus v_ave, high
Figure 8 10

11. v*a_pos_ave versus v_ave, whole DB
Figure 9 11

12. v*a_pos_ave versus v_ave, low
Figure 10 12

13. v*a_pos_ave versus v_ave, medium
Figure 11 13

14. v*a_pos_ave versus v_ave, high
Figure 12 14

15. RPA versus v_ave, whole DB
Figure 13 15

16. RPA versus v_ave, low
Figure 14 16

17. RPA versus v_ave, medium
Figure 15 17

18. RPA versus v_ave, high
Figure 16 18

19. Comparison of parameter pairs
The following figures show comparisons of parameter pairs, like v*a_pos_ave versus RPA 19

20. v*a_pos_ave versus RPA, low
Figure 17 20

21. v*a_pos_ave versus RPA, medium
Figure 18 21

22. v*a_pos_ave versus RPA, high
Figure 19 22

23. a_pos_ave versus RPA
Figure 20 23

24. a_max versus RPA
Figure 21 24

25. a_max versus a_pos_ave
Figure 22 25

26. Key parameter of the 3 speed classes
Table 1 26

27. Key parameter of the 3 speed classes
The random cycle should be composed by 3 phases representing the 3 speed classes and having a duration of 300 s +/- 30 s
This results in 1 short trip for the medium and high speed phases and about 5 short trips for the low speed phase.
Figure 23 shows the duration distributions of short trips (ST) for the low speed class for different percentiles of the involved parameters.
The 95% percentiles result in shorter ST than the average of the whole database; the 05% percentiles result in significantly longer ST than the average of the whole database. 27

28. Short trip duration distribution for low
Figure 23 28

29. Key parameter of the 3 percentile classes
The key parameters for the different percentile classes (x_95, x_50 and x_05) are shown in the following table.
The stop percentages decrease from high dynamics (x_95) to low dynamics (x_05), the average ST duration and v_ave increase for the low and medium speed classes. 29

30. Key parameter of the 3 percentile classes
Table 2 30

31. Cycle construction parameter for the 3 percentile classes
The average ST durations for the low and medium speed classes and the different percentile classes are as follows:
Low speed class:
28 s for x_95, resulting in 9 ST,
79 s for x_50, resulting in 3 to 4 ST,
137 s for x_05, resulting in 2 ST.
Medium speed class:
79 s for x_95, resulting in 3 to 4 ST,
> 230 s for x_50 and x_05, resulting in 1 ST
The stop phases were set to 5 s for the above calculation. 31

32. Limitations for Random Cycles
Table 3 32

33. Thank you for your attention!
End
Thank you for your attention! 33