1. Survival of Patients With Unsuspected pN2 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer After an Accurate Preoperative Mediastinal Staging 
Carme Obiols, MD, Sergi Call, MD, FETCS, Ramon Rami-Porta, MD, PhD, Juan Carlos Trujillo-Reyes, MD, Roser Saumench, MD, Manuela Iglesias, MD, Mireia Serra-Mitjans, MD, Guadalupe Gonzalez-Pont, MD, PhD, Jose Belda-Sanchís, MD, PhD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 97, Issue 3, Pages (March 2014)
DOI: /j.athoracsur
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
Diagram of the cohort of patients analyzed according to our oncologic protocol (dotted line = excluded patients). (n = number of patients; NSCLC = non-small cell lung cancer; SEM = surgical exploration of the mediastinum; pN0 = pathologic N0; pN2 = pathologic N2 disease; cN2 = clinical N2; cN0 = clinical N0.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
The proposed algorithm of the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons (ESTS) guidelines for nodal staging in non-small cell lung cancer when positron emission tomography (PET) or PET/computed tomographic (CT) is available. (A) In central tumors, tumors with low 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake, tumors with lymph nodes 1.6 cm or greater, or positron emission tomography, N1 disease invasive staging remains indicated. (B) Endoscopic techniques are minimally invasive and can be the first choice. (C) Due to its higher negative predictive value mediastinoscopy remains indicated. (EBUS = endobronchial ultrasound; EEUS = endoesophageal ultrasound; FNA = fine needle aspiration.)
(Reproduced from De Leyn P, Lardinois D, Van Schil PE, et al. ESTS guidelines for preoperative lymph node staging for non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2007;32:1–8 [3], by permission of Oxford University Press.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
Kaplan-Meier survival curve for patients staged with surgical exploration of the mediastinum (SEM). Patients with true negative (TN) results of SEM = solid line; patients with false negative (FN) results of SEM = dotted line (p = 0.005).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

5. Fig 4
Kaplan-Meier survival curve for patients who underwent direct surgery (p = 0.002).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

6. Fig 5
Kaplan-Meier survival curve of the entire series according to (A) pathologic N status (p < ), and (B) level of lymph node involvement (p < ).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2014 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions