1. Geology: the study of the earth’s surface
& substructure (what’s inside it)

2. Crust:
the outermost
and
thinnest of
Earth’s layerst

3. the layer of Earth between the
Mantle
the layer of Earth between the
crust and the core

4. Lithosphere layer of the Earth that consists
of the crust and upper mantle

5. Core the center part of the Earth made up
of a liquid outer core & a solid inner core

6. pieces of Earth’s lithosphere
Plates (of the earth)
pieces of Earth’s lithosphere
(like puzzle pieces)

7. Plate Tectonics the theory that the plates of the
Earth are constantly moving

8. Pangaea hypothetical giant landmass that
existed when all the continents were joined

9. Convergent boundary
the plates come together

10. Divergent boundary
the plates move apart

11. the plates slide past each other
Transform Boundary
the plates slide past each other

12. Convection Motion in a gas or liquid in which the warmer
portions rise and the colder portions sink

13. The movement of one tectonic plate
Subduction
The movement of one tectonic plate
under another

14. Fault places where the plates of the Earth
meet, causing a break in the
Earth’s crust

15. Earthquake: the shaking of the Earth’s surface caused by
the release of energy along a fault

16. a scale that measures the strength
Richter Scale
a scale that measures the strength
of an earthquake

17. Seismic waves waves that are given off during an earthquake
that travel through the ground

18. an instrument that is used to detect and
Seismograph
an instrument that is used to detect and
measure seismic waves

19. Volcano an opening in the Earth’s crust through which
steam, lava, and ashes erupt

20. molten rock on Earth’s surface
Lava
molten rock on Earth’s surface

21. molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface
Magma
molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface

22. the underground point where an earthquake
Focus
the underground point where an earthquake
begins (ground zero)

23. Epicenter the point on Earth’s surface directly
above the focus of an earthquake

24. Magnitude measurement of an earthquake’s
strength based on seismic waves and
movement along faults

25. a long, narrow, raised land formation
Ridge
a long, narrow, raised land formation

26. a long, narrow ditch or valley
Trench
a long, narrow ditch or valley