1. OPTIMA Partner: IPCRI Alexander River/Wadi Zeimer A Palestine/Israel case study

2. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
Importance
Israelis and Palestinians are still in military conflict running over one hundred years,
Water is one of the issues set for the final status negotiation between the two sides,
Informal track of cooperation proved to help in better understanding and/or helping in resolving conflicting issues.
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

3. Mission
“The case study aims to work with Israeli and Palestinians in cooperation … to consider how best the
Alexander – Wadi Zeimar Transboundary River Basin,
control of which is shared by both Israelis and Palestinians, can be managed to their mutual advantage…
An example that might be extended towards the resolution of the water conflict between the two sides..”
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

4. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

5. Location of the Case Study: Alexander River – Wadi Zeimar
The Alexander River – Wadi Zeimar runs for about 44 km from the western side of the Mountain Belt across cultivated areas and past towns of the Coastal Plain to the Mediterranean Sea.
West
Bank
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

6. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
The aquifer System
Coastal Aquifer
The aquifer system comprises of several aquifer basins: coastal, western, north eastern, and eastern basins. It represent an important fresh water supply source to both people.
West Bank
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

7. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
Identification
Alexander river basin: 556 km2
Wadi Zeimar basin: 154 km2
Maximum flow: 260 m2/s (1958)
Annual rainfall: 640 mm( ).
At the outlet to the sea flow is reduced to 5 MCM
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

8. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
River structure
177
182
187
192
197
202
136
141
146
151
156
161
166
171
5 km
Med. sea
Netanya
Nablus
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

9. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
  Average Annual Runoff from Palestinian Wadis (2000/2001) Input to River Alexander in MCM/a Wadi Zeimar Wadi Massin Wadi Abu-Nar Wadi Et-Tin   Total  
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

10. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
River flow
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

11. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
WP 11: Challenges
Pollution: Industrial and domestic effluents have been discharged to the river (and the aquifer) in the past 40 years.
Ownership and management of the river as an integrated transboundary basin.
Scarce water resources: Both Israeli and Palestinian authorities suffer from insufficient potable water.
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

12. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

13. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
Wadi Zeimar Catchment Area is about 22km long and 5 km wide with an overall area of about ha. The bottom slope is about 1.2% in the first 10 km and 0.9% in the remaining distance, Elevation of Wadi Zeimar with Distance
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

14. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
Data Collected
Precipitation
Climatologic
Population
Stakeholders inventory
Water supply/wastewater generation
River flow
River water quality (initial data)
Pollution Sources and Loads (Domestic and non-domestic)
Land use
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

15. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

16. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

17. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

18. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

19. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

20. Wadi Zeimar: Industrial Pollution Sources and Capacities (*)
Wadi Zeimar: Industrial Pollution Sources and Capacities (*)
Source of Pollution
Number of Operational Units
Average Discharge per Unit
Total Discharge
1. Sesame Mill (Tahini) Factories 8
2 m3/day 16
2. Tanning (leather ) Processing factories 1
27 m3/day
3. Olive Mills 43
10 m3/day
430 m3/day
4. Slaughter House NA
Stone Cutting 15
5 m3/day
75 m3/day
Building Materials (Bricks, Marble, Tile, Concrete, etc) 45
225 m3/day
Food Factories
16 m3/day
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
* Numbers are approximate and need to be further verified

21. non-domestic water pollution sources
The Israeli industrial park effluents
Stone cutting factories
Sesame mills
Slaughter house wastes
Leather factory waste
Paint factory waste
Leachate from solid waste dumps
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

22. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
50 non-Domestic Water Pollution Sources within Tulkarem- Wadi Zeimar Catchment
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

23. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

24. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

25. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

26. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
Table 2 Land Use within Wadi Zeimar Catchment Area
Land Use
Main Category
Area (ha)
Area (% of total)
Sub-Category
Sub-Group
% of Sub- Category
1. Cultivated Area
4524
38.34
a. Field Crops
339
7.5
Wheat 45
Barley 25
Other 30
b. Fruits
3800
84.0
Olives 82
Citrus 4
Mixed 5
Almonds 9
c. Vegetables
385
8.5
2. Forests
146
1.24
3. Industrial Areas 19
0.16
4. Buildup Areas
636
5.39
5. Natural Reserve 62
0.53
6. Dump Sites 13
0.11
7. Un-Used
6400
54.24
Grand Total
11800
100
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

27. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
Catchment’s Area
Administrative Status
Population (*)
Water Supply Source
Water Use, 1997 Data
Wastewater Generated 1997
m3/yr
Notes
City
Vil RC IC
1997
2004
Well
Spring HC
Total m3/yr
Per Capita
1. Tulkarem
Tulkarem City X
33960
51529 2
-----
605 98
974868
Shweikeh 1
600
Irtah
400
Iktaba
1475
2238
150 NA
Thinnabeh
6295
9552
300
123038 54
98430
Tulkarem Camp
10075
15287
(**)
------
208765 56
167012
Nur Shams Camp
5887
8933
126163 59
100930
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

28. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
Catchment’s Area
Administrative Status
Population (*)
Water Supply Source
Water Use, 1997 Data
Wastewater Generated 1997
m3/yr
Notes
City
Vil RC IC
1997
2004
Well
Spring HC
Total m3/yr
Per Capita
2. Anabta
Anabta X
5452
8273 2
-----
260
203388
103
162670
Kafr Rumman
649
985
---- 1 90
13800 58
11040
Kafr El Labad
2997
4548
450 NA
Balaa
5442
8257
425
72712 43
58170
Rameen
1567
2378
---
300 Na
Enav
Unknown
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

29. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
Catchment’s Area
Administrative Status
Population (*)
Water Supply Source
Water Use, 1997 Data
Wastewater Generated 1997
m3/yr
Notes
City
Vil RC IC
1997
2004
Well
Spring HC
Total m3/yr
Per Capita
3. Sabastya
Sabastya X
2171
3294
-----
200
47150 66
37720
En-Naqura
1239
1880 1 50 NA
Burqa
3008
4564 5
49355 45
29484
Bazzarya
1608
2440 2
180
32400 56
25920
Beit Emrin
2151
3264
100
42240 55
33790
Nisf Jbeil
377
572 25
Ijnesnia
418
634
Shave Shomron
Unknown
Homesh Na
Zawata
1466
2224
Qusin
1296
1966
Total
196,871
298,722
14+ 20
4135+
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
(*) = population 1997 = Census data, Population 2004 = Estimates using Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) Figures
(**) = Supplied with water through Tulkarem municipal water network
Vil = Village, RC = Palestinian Refugee Camp, IC = Israeli Colony
NA = Not Available or Unknown, HC = Rainfed Cistern

30. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
Catchment’s Area
Administrative Status
Population (*)
Water Supply Source
Water Use, 1997 Data
Wastewater Generated 1997
m3/yr
Notes
City
Vil RC IC
1997
2004
Well
Spring HC
Total m3/yr
Per Capita
4. Nablus
Nablus
100231
152086 4 7 NA 69
Beit Iba
2442
3705
Beit Wazan
837
1270
Deir Sharaf
2064
3132
Ein Beit Elma
3764
5711
Zawata
1466
2224
Qusin
1296
1966
Total
196,871
298,722
14+ 20
4135+
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

31. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
Next Step – Case Study Implementation: Conducting an Integrated Transboundary Wastewater Management plan of the Wadi Zeimar Basin
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

32. Management Plan Preparation and Adoption - Local
Framework of Palestinian Case Study: Integrated Transboundary Wastewater Management Plan
Management Plan Preparation and Adoption - Transboundary -
Management Plan Preparation and Adoption - Local
Phase I
Issue Identification and Baseline Needs Assessment
Information Management
and
Outreach
Phase II
Phase III
Monitoring and Evaluation (in the Future)
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

33. Example of existing water management complexities
Legal (ownership, control, decision making),
water allocation problem,
policy setting on each side
Sustainability: definition and understanding of, public health, and environmental protection including water pollution control,
basin and land use development with time and future water demands,
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

34. Anticipated Joint Institutional Arrangement
Develop joint strategic long-term river basin plan
Develop joint operational basin master plan
Develop joint environmental and ecological protection plan/measures
Finalize/ratify/and implement water right or water allocation agreement
Develop joint effluent discharge permit allocation
Allocation of drainage permits or drainage responsibilities
Develop joint Co-ordination between the two sides
Develop joint Water trade/banking and transfer mechanisms including virtual water
Develop joint Funding and Fund administration and development
Develop joint Awareness creation
Cooperate in human and technical capacity building
Develop joint monitoring and enforcement mechanisms including legal actions against defaulters
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

35. Stakeholder Involvement Process
Identify stakeholders impacted by proposed plan:
– Political stakeholders (national and local)
– Dischargers (including, tourism industry)
– Public (such as communities)
– Industries, private sector,
Include stakeholders in the development of a plan:
– Present information in a manner understandable to stakeholders
– Establish stakeholder committees to serve as liaisons between government and agencies
– Provide hearings, workshops, and discussion panels
– Include stakeholders in data gathering
– Maintain a record of communication
Identify impacts on stakeholders resulting from the plan.
Obtain commitment from stakeholders to the plan.
Incorporate inputs from stakeholders into the plan.
Proceed with the plan, while maintaining stakeholders involved through the stakeholders participation program.
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

36. Palestinian-Israeli Integration/Compatibility Issues
Issue 1—Institutional Framework and Capacity Building
Issue 2—Applicable Policy, Laws, and Standards
Issue 3—Public Health Considerations
Issue 4—Sensitive Environments
Issue 5—Domestic Wastewater Effluent (Discharge) Sources
Issue 6—Priorities for Water Pollution Mitigation and Control
Issue 7—Pollution Prevention and Waste Minimization
Issue 8—Management, Operations, and Maintenance of Treatment Facilities and Ancillary Structures
Issue 9—Stakeholder Identification and Participation
Issue 10—Economic Instruments and Financial Resources
Issue 11—Integration with Other Water Sector Policies and Other National Plans
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker

37. IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker
Thank You
April 1-2, 2005
IPCRI: Marwan Haddad and Nir Becker