1. Section 2/ Zhou Dynasty
Lasted longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history
Kings possessed a mandate from heaven.
They granted land in return for loyalty and military support
Society ranking…..1. King 2. Lords and warriors 3. Peasants

2. Zhou Dynasty cont….
Zhou power gradually declined because of disloyalty to the king.
The family structure began to fall apart.
This began the Warring States Period.
During this time China was in complete disorder.
China lacked a strong government to stop the power struggles within the ruling-class families. Chinese society fell into a period of disorder.

3. Confucius The most influential teacher in Chinese history.
China was overrun by rude and dishonest people.
China needed to return to ethics and moral values.
This was known as Confucianism.
Fathers should display high moral values to inspire their families
Children are to obey and respect their parents.
All family members should be loyal to each other.

4. Confucianism cont… Idea’s concerning government
Moral leadership, not laws, will bring order to China
A king should lead by example, inspiring good behavior.
The lower classes would learn by following the example of their superiors.

5. Confucius cont…. Wrote “The Analects”
Confucius ideas were passed down through his students a later complied into a book.
Main Ideas
People should be respectful and loyal to family members.
Leaders should be kind and lead by example
Learning is a process that never ends.
Heaven expects you to behave well and act morally.

6. Daoism Dao- means ‘the way”
Living in harmony with the Dao, the guiding force of all reality.
The government should stay out of people’s lives.
People should avoid interfering with nature or each other.
Laozi- most famous Daoist teacher.
Taught that the universe is a balance of opposites. Female and male, light and dark and low and high.
Also taught people should not try to gain wealth nor try and seek power.

7. Legalism
The belief that people were bad by nature and needed to be controlled.
They felt that society needed strict laws to keep people in line and that punishments should fit crimes.
Wanted officials, not nobles to rule China.
Citizens should be held responsible for each others conduct.
A guilty person’s relatives should also be punished.