1. Neolithic Revolution After 10,000 BCE
What?
“Agricultural Revolution” = domestication of plants & animals
Literal Meaning: New Stone Age
The first permanent human settlements emerged
Still used stone tools
Pottery appears
Catal – Hyuk:
A stone-age village in modern Turkey

2. Farming: The Biggest Mistake???
Food production = Hard Work!
It often led to:
poorer health
shorter lifespan
harder labor for the majority of people
Societies do not develop agriculture unless there is a strong push toward that direction (necessity, hospitable environment and species, etc.)
So Why Did People Switch From Hunting and Gathering To Farming?

3. Where? “Fertile Crescent” (modern day Iraq)
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
The area around these rivers is known to history as Mesopotamia
End of Last Ice Age
Warming Climate
Wild grasses abundant

4. Where & When? Location Dates (B.C.E) Plants Animals
Southwest Asia (Fertile Crescent)
Barley, wheat, lentils, figs
Goats, sheep, cattle, pigs
China
Rice, millet, soybeans
Pigs, chickens, water buffalo
Saharan and Sub-Saharan Africa
Sorghum, millet, yams, teff
Cattle (perhaps 8000 B.C.E)
Highland New Guinea
Taro, bananas, yams, sugarcane
Andes region
Potatoes, quinoa, manioc
Llamas, alpaca, guinea pig
Mesoamerica
Maize, squash (perhaps 7000 B.C.E), beans
Turkey
Eastern woodlands of North America
Sunflower, goosefoot, sumpweed
Guided notes: Include blank map for location of progress

5. Important Domesticated Animals
Horse
Cow
Pig
Sheep
Goat
Chicken Ox
Indian Elephant
All from Eurasia

6. So What? What does the Neolithic Revolution allow?:
A sedentary lifestyle
The need for cooperation and group effort
Job specialization
Social Hierarchies (Social classes)
Patriarchy (Rule by males)
Population Growth
Why do these occur?

7. Results for Agricultural Society
Now that you have possessions, what do you have to do?
Kings- to direct
Militaries – to protect
Priests – to protect culture and record (BUREAUCRATS)
Scribes and writing – to protect and keep accounts
Artisans- make storage vessels (pottery)

8. Beginnings of Civilizations…
How do we tell what happened Prehistory?
Archeologists- look for clues (digs)
Anthropologists- study the culture
Paleontologists- Study fossils
Earliest known human remains come from Africa

9. Olduvai Gorge
Earliest record of human life is found in Olduvai Gorge

10. Out of Africa

11. Early Homosapiens Homo sapiens is the scientific name for modern man
Invention of tools, mastery of fire and the development of language improved human life
Early humans were nomads – people who wander from place to place with no permanent settlements
They were hunters and gatherers for their food
Made tools to help increase their food supply
Made cultural advances with necklaces, cave paintings, rock paintings and carving

12. 3)Complex Religion Polytheistic (many gods) Monotheistic (one god)
Built temples, sacrificed animals, crops, and at times other humans
People worked as priests
3)Complex Religion

13. 6) Arts and Architecture
Sometimes meant to intimidate other groups or countries
Showed strength and power of the government
Expressed the beliefs and values of the society

14. 7) Public Works Projects that benefit the city
Irrigation systems (for water)
Roads
Bridges
Defensive walls

15. 8) Record Keeping and Writing
Began in temples with priests
Scribes- People who can read and write
Earliest writing made up of pictograms
Pictogram- Simple drawings that looked like the items they represented