1. ROMANIA - Pakistan Trade

2. ROMANIA RANKED NO. 73 AS PAKISTAN’S EXPORT DESTINATION IN 2018
COUNTRY
EXPORT VALUE (US$)
% SHARE IN TOTAL EXPORTS
World
23,630,893,000 1
United States of America
3,802,500,000
16% 2
China
1,818,069,000 8% 3
United Kingdom
1,728,637,000 7% 4
Afghanistan
1,347,934,000 6% 5
Germany
1,310,444,000 6
United Arab Emirates
983,575,000 4% 7
Netherlands
942,802,000 8
Spain
922,898,000 9
Bangladesh
783,825,000 3% 73
Romania
26,764,000
0.113%
EU is Pakistan’s largest export market and the UK is the most important export market within the EU

3. SLOVAKIA WAS THE THIRD SMALLEST EXPORT DESTINATION WITHIN THE EU IN 2018
The EU is Pakistan’s largest export market representing 34% of exports
Romania accounted for 0.34% of total EU exports from Pakistan in 2018.
EU is Pakistan’s largest export market and the UK is the most important export market within the EU

4. ROMANIA RANKS NO. 70 IN PAKISTAN’S IMPORT SOURCES
COUNTRY
IMPORT VALUE (US$)
% SHARE IN TOTAL EXPORTS
World
60,162,862,000 1
China
14,544,687,000
24% 2
United Arab Emirates
8,668,637,000
14% 3
Saudi Arabia
3,242,349,000 5% 4
United States of America
2,946,715,000 5
Indonesia
2,502,372,000 4% 6
Qatar
2,386,183,000 7
Japan
2,273,024,000 8
India
1,928,465,000 3% 9
Thailand
1,430,727,000 2% 70
Romania
46,401,000
0.077%
EU is Pakistan’s largest export market and the UK is the most important export market within the EU

5. WITHIN THE EU, ROMANIA WAS THE FIFTEENTH HIGHEST EXPORTER TO PAKISTAN IN 2018
EU is Pakistan’s 3rd largest import partner after China and UAE.
Imports from the EU stood at $5.46 billion in 2018.
Romania accounts for 0.9% of Pakistan’s imports from the EU and 0.077% of total imports from the world.
The UK is the second most important import supplying market of Pakistan in the EU

6. PAKISTAN ROMANIA Trade Trends
Bilateral trade decreased from US$ Mn in 2014 to US$ Mn in 2018 i.e. by 164% in five years
Pakistan’s exports to Romania rose by 3.9% during this period.
Meanwhile, Romania’s exports to Pakistan decreased by 72.2% during these five years.
The trade deficit has decreased during the last five years, from $ Mn in 2014 to around $19.64 Mn in 2018.

7. PAKISTAN’S TOP 10 EXPORTS TO ROMANIA
HS CODE
DESCRIPTION
EXPORT VALUE 2016 (US$)
EXPORT VALUE 2017 (US$)
EXPORT VALUE 2018 (US$)
050400
Guts, bladders and stomachs of animals (other than fish), whole and pieces thereof, fresh, ...
2,687,000
2,531,000
3,618,000
630260
Toilet linen and kitchen linen, of terry towelling or similar terry fabrics of cotton (excluding ...
1,762,000
2,488,000
3,416,000
551341
Plain woven fabrics containing predominantly, but < 85% polyester staple fibres by weight, ...
2,523,000
2,349,000
2,305,000
630210
Bedlinen, knitted or crocheted
455,000
765,000
1,525,000
630231
Bedlinen of cotton (excluding printed, knitted or crocheted)
1,040,000
1,147,000
1,144,000
901890
Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical or veterinary sciences, n.e.s.
517,000
806,000
995,000
520831
Plain woven fabrics of cotton, containing >= 85% cotton by weight and weighing <= 100 g/m², ...
122,000
440,000
887,000
521021
Plain woven fabrics of cotton, containing predominantly, but < 85% cotton by weight, mixed ...
973,000
749,000
642,000
390761
Poly"ethylene terephthalate", in primary forms, having a viscosity number of >= 78 ml/g -
1,665,000
591,000
520932
Woven fabrics of cotton, containing >= 85% cotton by weight and weighing > 200 g/m², in three-thread ...
413,000
282,000
549,000

8. PAKISTAN’S TOP 10 IMPORTS FROM ROMANIA
HS CODE
DESCRIPTION
IMPORT VALUE 2016 (US$)
IMPORT VALUE 2017 (US$)
IMPORT VALUE 2018 (US$)
120510
Low erucic acid rape or colza seeds "yielding a fixed oil which has an erucic acid content ... -
14,275,000
271012
Light oils and preparations, of petroleum or bituminous minerals which >= 90% by volume "incl. ...
1,941,000
1,520,000
7,907,000
440399
Wood in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared (excluding ...
4,655,000
6,642,000
5,621,000
440799
Wood, sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, whether or not planed, sanded or end-jointed, ...
3,917,000
1,653,000
2,472,000
848210
Ball bearings
558,000
1,238,000
1,599,000
847420
Crushing or grinding machines for solid mineral substances
921,000
281830
Aluminium hydroxide
393,000
805,000
917,000
848220
Tapered roller bearings, incl. cone and tapered roller assemblies
299,000
822,000
880,000
848250
Cylindrical roller bearings (excluding needle roller bearings)
264,000
754,000
794,000
850300
Parts suitable for use solely or principally with electric motors and generators, electric ...
74,000
789,000

9. ACTUAL EXPORTS IN 2018 (US$) POTENTIAL EXPORTS IN 2018 (US$)
Pakistan’s Theoretical Potential* for Additional Exports to Romania, 2018
Top 10 Potential Products (HS 06). Aggregate Theoretical Potential is $1.5 bn
HS CODE
DESCRIPTION
ACTUAL EXPORTS IN 2018 (US$)
POTENTIAL EXPORTS IN 2018 (US$)
270900
Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, crude -
262,067,000
271019
Medium oils and preparations, of petroleum or bituminous minerals, not containing biodiesel, ...
235,930,000
620342
Mens or boys trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches and shorts, of cotton (excluding ...
36,000
155,939,000
170199
Cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, in solid form (excluding cane and beet sugar ...
145,172,000
610910
T-shirts, singlets and other vests of cotton, knitted or crocheted
19,000
142,993,000
901890
Instruments and appliances used in medical, surgical or veterinary sciences, n.e.s.
995,000
142,799,000
390761
Poly"ethylene terephthalate", in primary forms, having a viscosity number of >= 78 ml/g
591,000
132,403,000
410712
Grain splits leather "incl. parchment-dressed leather", of the whole hides and skins of bovine ...
109,690,000
640399
Footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics or composition leather, with uppers of leather ...
326,000
77,807,000
620462
Womens or girls trousers, bib and brace overalls, breeches and shorts of cotton (excluding ...
5,000
76,159,000
8 of the 10 high potential exports already benefit from 0% tariffs under GSP+. The two products that don’t are rice and sugar which are unlikely to receive preferential treatment even under an FTA
*Theoretical potential from diverting Pakistan’s existing exports from other countries to meet Romania’s imports,
ignoring competitiveness and tariffs

10. ACTUAL IMPORTS IN 2018 (US$)
Pakistan’s Theoretical Potential* for Additional Imports from Romania, 2018
Top 10 Potential Products (HS 06). Aggregate theoretical potential is $8.1 bn
HS CODE
ACTUAL IMPORTS IN 2018 (US$)
POTENTIAL IMPORTS IN
2018 (US$)
271111
Natural gas, liquefied -
3,295,892,000
271012
Light oils and preparations, of petroleum or bituminous minerals which >= 90% by volume "incl. ...
7,907,000
1,602,445,000
271019
Medium oils and preparations, of petroleum or bituminous minerals, not containing biodiesel, ...
1,009,608,000
870321
Motor cars and other motor vehicles principally designed for the transport of persons, incl. ...
542,106,000
300490
Medicaments consisting of mixed or unmixed products for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes, ...
677,000
432,119,000
870322
291,880,000
720449
Waste and scrap of iron or steel (excluding slag, scale and other waste of the production of ...
96,000
283,852,000
870323
266,725,000
851762
Machines for the reception, conversion and transmission or regeneration of voice, images or ...
2,000
242,740,000
847989
Machines and mechanical appliances, n.e.s.
170,309,000
In the high potential imports of Pakistan from the UK, most products already face tariffs similar to those faced by Pakistan’s FTA partners
*Theoretical potential from switching imports from existing sources to Romania exporters, ignoring competitiveness and
tariffs