1. 2.3 States of Matter Science 8 Name:______________________
Date:________________________
Block:_____

2. Properties of the States of Matter
There are 4 states of matter:
Solid
Holds its own shape
Has a constant volume
Example: wood, silver, stone, plastic
Liquid
Takes the shape of the container
Has a constant volume and a surface
Example: oil, juice, gasoline

3. Properties of the States of Matter
There are 4 states of matter:
3. Gas
Takes the shape and volume of its container
Can be compressed
4. Plasma
Similar to a gas
Doesn’t have a defined shape or volume
Have different electrical properties compared to a gas.

4. Matter is made of particles in constant motion.
Scientists used a model to develop a theory about the behaviour of all states of matter.

5. What is the difference between a model and a theory?
consists of words, pictures, physical objects, math equations to represent events in nature.
Models help us visualize how things work
Theory:
A scientific explanation that has been supported by repeated experiments with the same results each time.

6. Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)
Matter can also be described by the Kinetic Molecular Theory
Kinetic Energy is the energy of motion.
The amount of kinetic energy an object has will determine what state (solid, liquid or gas) it is found in.
Kinetic Molecular Theory is used to explain the behaviour of the particles in all these three states of matter.

7. Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)
All matter is made up of very small particles
There is space between particles.
Particles are always moving.
Energy makes the particles move

8. Energy and the Movement of Particles
When you add energy to matter, the kinetic energy of the particles increases.
Particles begin to move faster and bump into each other more often creating more space between them.
The temperature of matter is the average amount of kinetic energy of its particles.
To increase temperature, energy is added to matter.

9. States of Matter and the Kinetic Molecular Theory
When enough energy is added or removed from matter, a change in state can occur.
The three states of matter are solid, liquid and gas.
Please write the state of matter under each box.

10. States of Matter and the Kinetic Molecular Theory
The KMT explains the properties of solids, liquids, and gases.
Particles in a Solid:
Very close together
Vibrate but do not move around
Attract one another strongly in a rigid structure

11. States of Matter and the Kinetic Molecular Theory
Particles in a Liquid:
Very close together
Slip and slide past an revolve around one another
Attract one another less strongly than in solids

12. States of Matter and the Kinetic Molecular Theory
Particles in a Gas:
Very far apart compared to their size
Move randomly and quickly in straight lines
Attraction to one another is effectively zero

13. Changes in state result from changes in particle motion.
Changes of state:
Occur when matter transforms from one state to another
Example: liquid water to solid ice

14. Changes of State aka Phase Changes
Evaporation
Sublimation
deposition
Condensation