1. TWO-WAY MODELS OF CBR IN CHINA
Zhang Jinming ，China Rehabilitation Research Center
Lu Juan， Handicap International
September 2016

2. background
The Second China National Sample Survey on Disability, there are about million disabled persons in China in 2006, which is 6.34% of all Chinese population.
Furthermore, the large ageing population, the increase of chronic diseases and accidental injury accelerate the expanding of disabled population.

3. Methods
CDPF as the main section in charge of the CBR programs for PwDs all over China has been making 5 5-year national CBR plan since All the data and achievements about CBR work has been collected.
A qualitative study design with observation and semi-structured interview were applied in the study in Shizong County and Chengjiang County in Yunnan Province of China.
Persons with disabilities and their family members, CBR service providers (such as village doctors, leaders of township and village level were the study participants. .

4. Introduction
The CBR programs have been conducting around 30 years in China since Great achievements of CBR have been obtained:
More and more laws and regulations involves CBR programs concerned.
The CBR work system has been improving constantly.
The CBR contents has been enriching.
The CBR standardization has been improving
More and more persons with disabilities received CBR services.
Public awareness of CBR keeps increasing

5. Two way models
Based the unique administration system “top down” in China, the model of CBR programs facilitation is “top down”, namely CBR programs are facilitated by central government to grassroots which is through provincial level, city level, till to the grassroots.
Meanwhile CBR model of “grassroots up” have been established in some projects sites such as HI CBR programs in Shizong County and Chengjiang County.

6. This two-way models are useful and play an important roles in the implementation of CBR programs.
The two-way models appear is based the needs of persons with disabilities and new CBR philosophy popularization, which promoted strongly development of local work for persons with disabilities.

7. Advantages and weakness of “top down” model of CBR in China
The persons with disabilities and their family members have limited participation in in CBR program designing by this model.
Due to the CBR programs are designed by central level without accurate survey of needs of persons with disabilities. It is difficult for persons with disabilities and their families to receive individual services.
The cooperative departments have a weak sense of consciousness as a master.
Advangages
Based on the China administration system, the model is very powerful, there CBR programs conduction are very effectively, orderly all over China.
CBR projects are designed by central level that is operational and practicable
Due to governments at all levels are in charge of CBR programs, the governmental sections at all levels are easy to cooperate and involve into CBR programs at each level.

8. Advantages and weakness of “grassroots up” model of CBR
Advangages
Unofficial disabled persons organizations usually facilitate the “grassroots” CBR model that usually match to the needs of persons with disabilities.
The CBR actors are very familiar with the needs and situation of persons with disabilities.
The CBR program is more welcomed by persons with disabilities. Because the social support services are more individualized.
The contents of CBR program are more flexible and abundant based the needs of local persons with disabilities.
Weakness
The actors of the model “grassroots up” are usually NGO and Community Based Organization (CBO) that usually lacks of stable system.
This model is usually conducted by NGO, therefore it has an easygoing management, and meanwhile it has an weak administrative power in implementation in CBR programs.
The local persons with/without disabilities are convenient to involve CBR programs and easy to accept some CBR activities which are benefitted for CBR program development.

9. conclusion
To sum, ,it will be perfect if the two-way CBR models a combination of “top down” and “grassroots up” models for carrying out CBR programs efficiently in China.
The CBR model of “grassroots up” is a very good supplement to the model of “top down” for CBR program implementing in China. Each of them has its own advantages. Therefore the actors of the two models of CBR need to communicate effectively and cooperate intimately, which will be a strong power of pushing CBR development in the future in China.

10. Thank you!