1. ENG-201 Business and Technical English
Lectures: 04 – 07 Virtual University of Pakistan

2. Audience Analyses
Target audience is a particular group of people, identified as the intended recipient of an advertisement or message. Also called target population.

3. Types of experts
General experts
Specific experts

4. Audience’s use of Document
Audience’s General Purpose
Readers of technical and scientific writing, whatever their level of expertise, read a document for three general purposes:
to acquire information
to take help in decision making
to learn how to do something

5. Objectives of Effective Communication
Explicit Purposes
to provide information
to give instructions
to persuade the reader
to enact (or prohibit) something

6. Examples
Brand of chips is the crispiest, crunchiest and most delicious brand of chips you will ever taste. Buy a bag today. 
There are rules that stop people with certain vision problems from driving at night. I think you should stay intact.
Mr. Trump's lawyers insisted during the meeting that the president was under no obligation to face questions by federal investigators in relation to the Russia inquiry.
In Q1, you have to choose the affix (either prefix or suffix) from the given word and write down in columns given below.

7. Implicit Purposes to establish a relationship
to create trust and establish credibility
to document actions

8. Examples
"We won the best service award; twice!" You should work with us.
A male kangaroo can disembowel someone," says Mr. Piper. "They don't set out to do it, but that's the nature of how they fight: they kick with their big rear legs.
The student was too lazy to do his homework, so he outsourced it to a social media site called Quora.

9. Guidelines for Effective Communication
Identifying the final result you want from your communication.
Identify how you want to alter the readers’ attitudes.
Identify and learn about your readers’ important characteristics
Learn the types of your possible readers
Fill in a sample worksheet that should be kept in mind when defining objectives.

10. ACCURACY, CLARITY, CONCISENESS AND COHERENCE

11. It means that accurate and correct information should be provided in a document. There should be a careful presentation of true and factual details.

12. Document Accuracy Stylistic Accuracy Technical Accuracy
Types of Accuracy
Document Accuracy Stylistic Accuracy Technical Accuracy

13. Clarity
It means that your writing material should not be much difficult or ambiguous. The ideas should not be unclear or vague. It should be clear to understand. The language used should be understandable for the readers and according to the level of the readers.

14. Structural Clarity Stylistic Clarity Contextual Clarity
Types of Clarity
Structural Clarity Stylistic Clarity Contextual Clarity

15. Conciseness
It means that the document should have only the required material. It should not have each and everything about a topic instead it should be to the point. Only necessary information or material should be added in a concise document.

16. Coherence
It is the quality of a piece of writing, in which information will be presented in a logical manner. For example, if you are going to explain an event held in an office. You will start from the beginning. It will not be a right option that you start writing the event from the beginning then jump to the end and again came back to the beginning. There should be a logical sequence of presentation.

17. Strategies to Develop Coherent Paragraph
exemplification analysis comparison and contrast definition enumeration description