1. Essentials of Geography
The Science of Geography  
Earth Systems Concepts  
Location and Time
Maps and Geographic Information Science
For Next Class: Read Chapter 2 (pp )

2. Current News and Weather

3. Earth’s Four Spheres
Figure 1.8

4. Earth’s Dimensions
Figure 1.9

5. Latitude
Figure 1.11

6. Latitudinal Geographic Zones
Figure 1.12

7. Longitude
Figure 1.13

8. Great Circles and Small Circles
Figure 1.14

9. Prime Meridian and Standard Time
Figure 1.17

10. Maps, Scales, and Projections
Map – a generalized view of an area, as seen from above and reduced in size
Scale – ratio of map units to ground units
Projection – process of transforming spherical Earth to flat map

11. Map Projections
How to transfer data from a roughly spherical object to a flat sheet of paper has puzzled and challenged cartographers for centuries.
Major Dilemma: Equivalence vs. Conformality
Equivalent projection – equal area
Conformal projection – proper angular relationships
Every map projection is a compromise!

12. Map Projections
Do you prefer a conformal or equivalent map projection? Why? Which is “more accurate”?
Equivalent
Conformal

13. Classes of Map Projections
Figure 1.21

14. Passive and Active Remote Sensing
Figure 1.25

15. Remote Sensing
RADARSAT-1
GOES-12
Figure 1.26
Figure 1.27

16. GIS Model
Figure 1.29

17. Feedback on Today Name one thing you learned today.
What questions do you have?