1. The Reproductive System

2. Female Reproductive System
The hormone estrogen is largely responsible for changes in the female reproductive system
Menstruation
Monthly period (28-30 days)
Day 1 is first day of period
Ovulation occurs between days (different for every woman and every cycle)
Occurs if a woman does not get pregnant
Lasts 4-7 days
Body rids of endometrial lining (lining of uterus)

3. Female Reproductive System
Ovulation
Ovaries release an egg
Ovulation rotates between the two ovaries (i.e. January: right side, February: left side)
Travels through fallopian tube
If fertilized, attaches to uterine wall
If not fertilized, menstruation occurs the following month
Egg can survive hours inside the woman’s body

4. Female Reproductive System
Concerns with Menstruation
Cramps (occurs as uterus contracts to get rid of lining)
Nausea
Headaches
Backaches
Feeling Bloated
Fatigue
Premenstrual Syndrome (Pre=BEFORE)
Products for Menstruation
Pads
Panty Liners
Tampons
Midol/Medication

5. Male Reproductive System
Testes create sperm
Vas Deferens (tubular structure) sends sperm to urethra so it can leave the body
Temperature regulation is important for sperm
Testes contract and expand to help regulate temperature
When the outside temperature is cold, they move towards the man’s body to keep warmth
When the outside temperature is warm, they move away from the body to keep cool.
Sperm can survive up to 72 hours in a woman’s body

6. Reproduction
The development of a new individual is a complex process that begins when a sperm cell from a man and an egg cell from a woman unite
The joining of egg and sperm is call fertilization
When they unite, they attach to the uterine wall therefore, not allowing menstruation for the woman to take place.
First sign of pregnancy = missed period

7. Stages of Development Zygote (fertilized egg): first two weeks
Embryo: 3rd through 8th week of life
Fetus: 8th to 40th week of life
Delivery should occur at 40 weeks
Calculated based on first day of last period and size of baby as it develops

8. The Placenta The zygote (fertilized egg) attaches to the uterine wall.
It then creates an organ called the placenta.
Nutrients and oxygen are passed from the placenta to the embryo/fetus
The embryo is also wrapped in a protective covering called the amniotic sac.

9. Placenta and Fetus