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Distribution of earthquakes
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Spatial distribution of earthquakes
90% of earthquakes are clustered along plate margins Shallow focus earthquakes tend to cause the most damage and account for 75% of all earthquake energy released Deep focus earthquakes are more likely to have a very high magnitude
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Randomness of earthquakes
10% of earthquakes occur away from plate margins (compared to 5% of volcanic activity) Causes of intraplate earthquakes include: Reactivation of old fault lines Isostatic uplift following melting of ice sheets Mining subsidence Fracking Underground explosions Creation of reservoirs Hotspots
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Width of earthquake belt
Type of plate margin Width of earthquake belt Depth of focus Magnitude Shallow Intermediate Deep CONSERVATIVE CONSTRUCTIVE DESTRUCTIVE COLLISION ZONE SUBDUCTION ZONE
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Depth of focus
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Location of seismic activity
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Width of earthquake belt
Type of plate margin Width of earthquake belt Depth of focus Magnitude Shallow Intermediate Deep CONSERVATIVE CONSTRUCTIVE DESTRUCTIVE COLLISION ZONE SUBDUCTION ZONE
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Cause of seismic activity
Explanation for seismic activity Example Key information about example Reactivation of old fault line(s) Malvern, UK 2002 Isostatic uplift Scotland, UK Fracking Blackpool, UK 2011 Creation of reservoir(s) Vajont Dam, Italy 1963
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