1. Introduction

2. Module Objectives Identify hazardous materials
Use hazardous materials information sources to identify appropriate initial actions
Assist with establishing hazard isolation zones
Assist with the emergency decontamination of victims
Explain the program aims

3. Program Emergency Management Preparedness
Responding to a Hazardous Materials Incident
Hazardous Material Identification
Dealing with Hazardous Materials
Explain the program will be conducted over two sessions.
The total time is around XX hours
Assessment will XXXXX

4. Questions ?
Allow time for participants to raise any questions about the structure of the program.

5. Session 1
Emergency Management

6. Session Objectives
Be able to name the classification of hazardous materials
Understand the role of the Emergency Management Act
Know the role and functions of the emergency response agencies
Understand incidents controlled by CFA

7. Classifying Hazardous Material
Dangerous goods
Hazardous substances
Hazardous materials
Hazardous materials incidents
Dangerous goods: Can be deadly and seriously damage property and environment.
Substances that may be:
corrosive;
flammable;
explosive;
spontaneously combustible;
toxic;
oxidizing;
radiological;
Biological;
water reactive;
Gasses under pressure or liquefied
Classified by immediate physical and/or chemical effects
Hazardous materials: Has the potential to harm health
Substances can be:
gases
liquids or solids
pure substance or mixture.
Classified according to long and short term health effects.
Hazardous Materials: Assessed by emergency service as likely to endanger people, property or the environment
Term includes:
dangerous goods
hazardous substances
scheduled poisons
listed waste
radioactive substances
environmental pollutants.
Hazardous Materials Incidents: May occur during manufacture, use, handling, transport or storage
Involves:
Actual or impending spillage or release of hazardous materials
Sufficient quantity to pose danger to:
life
property
environment.

8. Emergency Management Structure
Incident
Emergency HAZMAT
Who is in charge?
Emergency Management Act
Control
Emergency Management Manual Vic
Support
What am I
allowed to do?
Control CFA Act
Section 3
Section 20A
Section 30

9. Control Agency Control agency is the
response agency nominated to control the response activities for a specified type of emergency
CFA is the control agency for accidents involving
hazardous materials
dangerous goods

10. Support Agency
A support agency provides essential services, personnel or material to support or assist
a control agency, or
another support agency, or
persons affected by an emergency

11. Control and Support Agencies

12. CFA Act Control CFA Act Standard Operating Procedures Section 3
Section 20A
Section 30
Section 97
Standard Operating Procedures

13. Chain of Command
Coordination Supports incident control through accessing external resources
Incident Management
Agencies involved in incident
Command
Control Operates across agencies
Command operates vertically within the Management Structure

14. Questions ?
Allow time for participants to raise any questions about content of the material covered during the session.

15. Summary Classification of hazardous materials
Role of the Emergency Management Act
Role and functions of the emergency response agencies
Incidents controlled by CFA
Remind participants of the topics covered and check that the learning objectives have been met.

16. Session 2
Preparedness

17. Session Objectives
Identify the environment where hazardous substances may be found
Know what information to include in a pre-incident plan
Identify locations of likely hazardous materials problems
Accurately conduct a hazard assessment
Use visual signs and indicators to identify hazardous substances

18. Environment and Occupancy
LM p 13
The types of buildings involved and the nature of the business being conducted may provide some clues as to the type and location of substances at the site.
Examples of buildings likely to contain hazardous materials include:
manufacturing plants;
factories;
hospitals;
plant nurseries;
hardware shops;
swimming pool shops;
petrol stations/depots;
rural supply outlets;
farms;
warehouses;
transport depots; and
water treatment plants.

19. Pre-incident Plan
LM p 14
Pre-incident plans are drawn up after a risk assessment of an identified special risk.
It includes a range of information.
Refer to a current pre-incident plan.
Information that should be included in the pre-incident plan includes:
location, type and quantity of dangerous goods/substances in the immediate area
storage and use of substances
manufacturing sites
transportation routes
communication procedures
available resources
SOPs.
A current pre-incident plan for a site will provide valuable information about the site and any materails contained within.
REMEMBER: Not all hazardous substances are dangerous goods.

20. Location of Incident Highways Rail Water Air Pipelines
Local experience of transportation accidents provides indications of potential problem areas.
All transport modes have locations where accidents happen.

21. Hazards at an Incident Thermal Mechanical Toxic substances
Corrosive substances
Asphyxiant hazards
Radiological hazards
Biological hazards
LM p 15 and 16
Hazards at an Incident
Thermal – these are hazards related to extremes of temperature. For example, thermal harm resulting in frostbite can be a problem during exposures to the extremely low temperatures associated with liquefied gases and cryogenic substances.
Mechanical – these are hazards resulting from direct contact with fragments scattered because of container failure, explosion or shock wave. Mechanical injuries are also associated with unstable loads collapsing, or slipping near equipment. Mechanical hazards may also include noise, which makes communication difficult and may cause long term damage, and vibration, which may cause equipment and tools to move.
Toxic (poisonous) – substances liable to cause either death, serious injury or harm to human health if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Examples of toxic substances include many of the agricultural and veterinary chemicals.
Corrosive – these are substances which destroy living tissue or cause chemical burns after sufficient exposure, e.g. acids, alkalies.
Asphyxiant – these are hazards related to a lack of oxygen supply from the lungs to the blood stream, e.g. inert gases.
Radiological – these are radiation sources that can cause short and long term injury to individuals and long term genetic effects to future generations, e.g. radioactive substances.
Biological – these are micro-organisms and viruses that may cause disease.

22. SPADRA Hazards Plan Risks Safety Monitoring 1 2 3 4 5
What is going on and what are the hazards?
What do I plan to do?
What are the risks of what I plan to do?
What can I do to make it safer?
What do I need to monitor?

23. Visual Signs and Indicators
Tangible indicators that may assist in identifying that hazardous materials are involved in the incident include:
spreading vapour cloud;
sight of fish, birds or insects dying in the
vicinity; and
personnel displaying symptoms (e.g.
dizziness and vomiting; or victims
collapsed at the scene).
Indicators that can be seen or heard from a distance and indicate that hazardous materials may be involved include:
rainbow sheen on water surfaces;
visible vapours over a volatile liquid;
containers deformed by the force of an accident;
operation of pressure relief devices;
pinging or popping of heat-exposed containers;
extraordinary fire conditions;
distinctively coloured vapour clouds;
smoking or self-igniting substances; and
unexpected deterioration of equipment.
When viewing the incident scene through binoculars you may notice the following indicators:
frost near a leak;
peeling or discoloration of a container’s finish;
spattering or boiling of unheated sub-stances; and
peculiar smells.

24. Visual Signs and Indicators
Tangible indicators that may assist in identifying that hazardous materials are involved in the incident include:
spreading vapour cloud;
sight of fish, birds or insects dying in the
vicinity; and
personnel displaying symptoms (e.g.
dizziness and vomiting; or victims
collapsed at the scene).
Indicators that can be seen or heard from a distance and indicate that hazardous materials may be involved include:
rainbow sheen on water surfaces;
visible vapours over a volatile liquid;
containers deformed by the force of an accident;
operation of pressure relief devices;
pinging or popping of heat-exposed containers;
extraordinary fire conditions;
distinctively coloured vapour clouds;
smoking or self-igniting substances; and
unexpected deterioration of equipment.
When viewing the incident scene through binoculars you may notice the following indicators:
frost near a leak;
peeling or discoloration of a container’s finish;
spattering or boiling of unheated sub-stances; and
peculiar smells.

25. Questions ?
Allow time for participants to raise any questions about content of the material covered during the session.

26. Summary Environment and Occupancy Pre-incident plan
Location of the Incident
Hazards at an incident
Visual signs and indicators
Remind participants of the topics covered and check that the learning objectives have been met.

27. Session 3
Responding to a Hazardous Materials Incident

28. Session Objectives Safely approach a hazmat scene
Understand the routes materials can follow to contaminate a person
Safely secure a hazmat scene
Understand the requirements for establishing incident control at a hazmat scene

29. Approaching the Scene Size-up determines success
Initial considerations
Information provided by
public
personnel on scene

30. RISK
Recognise
Identify/isolate
Secure
Keep out !

31. ! DANGER Don’t enter smoke, gas or vapour clouds Approach carefully
No closer than 70 m
Gather information, using binoculars
Examine further if necessary with PPE/C
Retreat if necessary !

32. Routes of Exposure Inhalation of hazardous materials
Absorption of toxic substances
Ingestion of toxic substances
Injection of toxic substances

33. Routes of Exposure (cont)
Exposure to radiation
Indirect exposure hazards
Over exposure
Emergency decontamination
Emergency first aid

34. How Does Your Body React?
Head
Eyes
Ears
Nose & throat
Chest & lungs
Muscles and back
Stomach & intestines
Bones
Reproductive system
Skin
Nervous system

35. Emergency Decontamination Levels
2. Emergency services decontamination
3. Mass decontamination
4. Bulk decontamination
Decontamination level determined by
size of incident
type of hazardous material

36. Emergency Decontamination Principles
Strip
Wash
Cover
Provide first aid and medical assistance after decontamination

37. Emergency Decontamination Procedures
Isolate the risk
Exit victims to an emergency decontamination area
Disrobe the victim down to their underwear
Wash the victim by flushing with water

38. Emergency Decontamination Procedures (cont)
Apply emergency first aid if required
Cover the victim with a blanket or other clothing
Seek medical attention
Record details of any personnel exposed to contaminants

39. Incident Controller must approve access to isolated area
Secure the Scene
Step 1: Isolate the affected area
Determine affected area
Isolate area
Remove all persons
Use barrier tape to create outer perimeter
Incident Controller must approve access to isolated area

40. Secure the Scene (cont)
Step 2: Take protective action
Severe incidents may require further actions
Protect against range or dangers
Protect in place, then evacuate

41. Evacuation requires time and human resources
Evacuate
Definition
Moving the public from the threatened area to a safer place
Evacuation requires time and human resources

42. Initial isolation zone
Control Zones
Initial isolation zone
Staging
Cold zone
Warm zone
Hot Zone

43. Questions ?
Allow time for participants to raise any questions about content of the material covered during the session.

44. Summary Approaching the scene Exposure hazards – routes of exposure
Securing the scene
Establishing Incident Control
Remind participants of the topics covered and check that the learning objectives have been met.

45. Session 4
Hazardous Materials Identification

46. Objectives
Use hazardous materials information sources to identify appropriate initial actions

47. HAZMAT Incident Assessment Form – side 1
Emergency Information Panel
Name of chemical
Nature of substance
Colour of substance
Visible chemical reaction
Information on spill or leak

48. HAZMAT Incident Assessment Form – side 2
Container type
Vehicle type
Quantity/capacity
Container colour
Packaging group
Container material
Comments
Weather info

49. Name and Number Conventions
United Nations number
Proper shipping names
Product names or trade names
Chemical names
Chemical abstract service numbers

50. All UN numbered products are hazardous
Four digits
Categories of numbers
One substance, uniquely identified
Group of chemically similar substances
End-user ingredients
“Catch-all”
All UN numbered products are hazardous

51. Proper Shipping Names
Specified by the Australian Dangerous Goods (ADG) Code
Used on documentation

52. Product Names or Trade Names
Used by manufacturer or importer to identify product
Trade name is often different from the proper shipping name

53. Container Markings and Colours

54. Class Labels
Class 1: Explosives
Class 2: Gases

55. Class Labels (cont) Class 3: Flammable liquids
Class 4: Flammable Solids

56. Class Labels (cont)
Class 5: Oxidising substances and organic peroxides
Class 6: Toxic and infectious substances

57. Class Labels (cont)
Class 7: Radioactive materials

58. Class Labels (cont) Class 8: Corrosive substances
Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles

59. Class Labels (cont) Environmental hazardous substances
Elevated temperature liquid
Orientation arrows

60. Class Labels (cont)
Subsidiary risks

61. Class Labels (cont) Mixed class labels
Chemicals too dangerous to be transported

62. Packaging Groups
Three packing groups for transport of hazardous materials
Package containing dangerous good marked
Packing Group I – greater danger
Packing Group II – medium danger
Packing Group III – minor danger
The package containing a dangerous good must be marked with the correct packing group designation for the substance (Figure 37). What you will see on the label is the following: PG I, PG II or PG III.
The following outlines what each packing group (PG) represents. It is an extract from the Dangerous Goods – Initial Emergency Response Guide, SAA/SNZ HB76: 1996, and the ADG Code.
PG I – substances that pose an immediate threat to life, health or property whenever there is a leak, spill or fire, even in small quantities.
PG II – substances that pose a significant threat in a fire or larger spill or leak. Flammable substances of PG II will ignite readily at ambient temperatures (temperature of the surroundings).
PG III – substances that are similar in hazard to those which may be found in domestic situations. Flammable substances of PG III will usually be difficult to ignite at ambient temperatures.
Generally, PG III substances pose a significant threat to health or property in open areas only when involved in a large fire or in a major spill or leak.

63. Workplace (site) Placarding

64. Workplace (Site) Placarding (cont)
Composite warning placard
“Old” composite warning placard
Mention the following fact:
Under earlier Dangerous Goods Regulations the packaging warning notice contained the HAZCHEM Code, but under new regulations this will be made obsolete over time.

65. Bulk Dangerous Goods

66. Transport Placarding Emergency Information Panel
Chemical name
Class labels
UN number
Hazchem code
Emergency services contact number
Contact number for specialist advice

67. Hazchem Pocket Card Types of extinguishing media
Splash suit, BA, chemical protective gloves, rubber boots
Trigger for personal protection
BA and full structural PPC
Some chemicals may require gas tight suit. Indicated in IERG
Level of PPC required
Violent reaction likely indicator
Contain or dilute spill
Consider need to evacuate public

68. Emergency Information Book

69. ADR RID
Dangerous good class code
Orange placard
UN number

70. National Fire Protection Association Code (USA)
Flammable
(5 scales)
Reactivity
(5 scales)
Health
(5 scales)
Health (blue section):
4 lethal;
3 extremely hazardous;
2 hazardous to health;
1 slightly hazardous; and
0 no unusual hazard.
Flammability (red section):
4 very flammable gases or liquids;
3 can ignite at normal temperatures;
2 moderate heat required for ignition;
1 preheating required for ignition; and
0 will not burn.
Reactivity (yellow section):
4 readily capable of detonation at normal temperature and pressure;
3 capable of detonation; sensitive to noise or shock;
2 normally unstable;
1 unstable at high temperatures; and
0 stable.
Special circumstances (white section):
The white section will usually be blank, except in special circumstances where a material may be water reactive, possess
combustion support or other special properties.
Additional hazards
(characters)

71. NFPA code (cont) Water reactive properties Oxidising properties
Radioactive properties

72. Questions ?
Allow time for participants to raise any questions about content of the material covered during the session.

73. Summary Hazardous material identification
Naming and numbering conventions
Container markings and colours
Dangerous goods class labels
Emergency information panels
The topics to the be covered in this session.

74. Summary (cont) Placards and labels The hazchem code
Transport documentation
Storage manifests
ADR RID
National Fire Protection Association Code (USA)

75. Session 5
Dealing with Hazardous Materials

76. Objectives
Use various reference and information sources to identify hazardous materials and substances

77. IERG

78. HAZMAT Incident Assessment Form – side 1
Emergency Information Panel
Name of chemical
Nature of substance
Colour of substance
Block 1 – Emergency Information Panel: Provided space to record details found on the EIP. It also has pictures of each class label that can be circled to identify the labels at he scene.
Block 2 – Name of Chemical: Provides space to write down any chemical or proper chemical name(s).
Block 3 – Colour of substance: Space to record the colour of any exposed substances.
Block 4 – Nature of Substance: a list of descriptors that match the substance descriptors on the HAG.
Block 5 – Visible Chemical Reaction: Space to records any visible signs of a chemical reaction
Block 6 – Information on Spill or Leak: Provides a pictorial representation of containers allowing the size and location of a leak to be recorded.
Visible chemical reaction
Information on spill or leak

79. HAZMAT Incident Assessment Form – side 2
Container type
Vehicle type
Quantity/capacity
Container colour
Packaging group
Container material
Block 7 – Vehicle type: Lists a wide range of vehicle types.
Block 8 – Container types: Provides pictures of a wide range of container types.
Block 9 – Container colour: Space to record the colour of any containers.
Block 10 – Container Material: Lists a range of materials that may have been used in the construction of the container.
Block 11 – Quantity/Capacity: Space to describe both the quantity and capacity of various types of packaging containers.
Block 12 – Packaging Group: Identify type of packaging and if materials are radioactive, level of danger
Comments
Weather info

80. Safe Storage and Handing Information Cards
SIC used at some premises where hazardous materials are
stored
handled
transported
Provides information about
initial and early intervention
safe handling practices

81. Emergency Procedure Guides
Emergency procedure guides are carried on many vehicles
In road vehicles the guides should be located in the emergency information holder
On rail transport the guides should be with the shipping documents

82. Technical Advice Provide specialist advice about:
chemicals
containers of chemicals
Assist Incident Controller to
plan a response
evaluate outcomes

83. Sources of Technical Advice
Hazardous material originator
On-site specialist
24-hour emergency contact numbers
Poisons information bulletin
EPA
WorkSafe
Local chemists

84. Questions ?
Allow time for participants to raise any questions about content of the material covered during the session.

85. Summary Dangerous Goods – Initial Emergency Response Guide
Electronic databases
HAZMAT action guide
Hazmat incident assessment sheet/board
The topics to the be covered in this session.

86. Summary (cont) Material safety data sheets
Safe storage an handling information cards
Emergency procedures guide
Technical advice
Emergency decontamination