1. Unit 14 Emergency Planning IS 235
L4 Plan Development and Plan Preparation, Review & Approval

2. Where is the internet???

3. Bell Ringer
Military Plan

4. Activity: Collecting and Analyzing Information
Instructions: Before beginning the next lesson, complete the following activity. A worksheet is provided as a guide for this activity.
Obtain your jurisdiction’s most recent threat/hazard assessment and community profile.
Review the information and consider its implications for future planning efforts, as outlined on the worksheet.

5. Lesson Overview
After understanding the situation and determining goals and objectives, the next two steps of the emergency planning process involve the development, preparation, and approval of the plan.
This lesson introduces the key elements and structure of an emergency operations plan (EOP) and the process for developing (or updating) and reviewing an EOP. After completing this lesson, you should be able to:
Identify common sections and elements of an EOP and the purpose of each.
Indicate the process for creating or updating an EOP.
Determine the structure, organization, and components of your jurisdiction’s current EOP.

6. Introduction
After collecting and analyzing information, the planning team is ready to determine how it will achieve the identified goals and objectives. Next, the team works together to generate, compare, and select possible courses of action.
Part of this process is to identify resources needed to make the operation work and to estimate the jurisdiction’s current capabilities and shortfalls. Finally, the team develops or updates the plan, obtains approval, disseminates the plan to stakeholders, and gets ready for plan implementation.
This lesson presents these key elements of the plan creation process.

7. Basic Plan
The basic plan provides broad, overarching information relevant to the EOP as a whole, including:
Descriptions of expected threats/hazards.
Basic agency roles and responsibilities.
Explanation of how the plan will be kept current.
Some information included in the basic plan is required by law. Other information will be identified during the threat/hazard identification and risk analysis.

8. EOP Basic Plan Elements
Purpose, Scope, Situation Overview, Planning Assumptions
Concept of Operations (CONOPS)
Organization, Assignment of Responsibilities
Direction, Control, Coordination
Information Collection, Analysis, Dissemination
Communications
Administration, Finance, Logistics
Plan Development, Maintenance
Authorities, References
*** Example on class website

9. Supporting Annexes
Supporting annexes focus on functions that are critical to successful emergency response and that may require specific actions during emergency response operations. Supporting annexes:
May include functional, support, emergency phase, or agency-focused annexes.
Add specific information and direction.
Indicate specific responsibilities, tasks, and operational actions related to a particular function.
*** Example on class website

10. Threat/Hazard/Incident-Specific Annexes
These annexes focus on special planning needs generated by a specific type of threat, hazard, or incident. They:
Address unique or specific:
Response details.
Risk areas and evacuation routes.
Provisions for emergency public information.
Protective equipment for responders.
Often include tabbed maps, charts, inventories, and other work aids.
Follow the same basic organization as the basic plan.

11. Implementing Instructions
Each annex, as well as the basic plan, may use implementing instructions to clarify the contents of the plan or annex and provide additional detail. These items may be provided as attachments or references. Examples include:
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs).
Maps.
Charts and tables.
Forms.
Checklists.

12. Emergency Planning Step 4: Develop the Plan
After the necessary information has been collected and analyzed, the next step is to develop the plan. However, before the team prepares the written document, the members engage in a plan development process that includes:
Generating, comparing, and selecting possible courses of action (solutions for achieving the goals and objectives identified in Step 3).
Identifying resources needed to make the operation work.
Estimating capabilities and identifying shortfalls.

13. Validation and Review
Courses of action address the who, what, when, where, why, and how of the plan. When developing a course of action, planning team members depict how an operation unfolds by building a portrait of the incident’s actions, decision points, and participant activities. The planning team should consider where it supports the priorities, goals, and objectives; and determine whether it is feasible and whether the stakeholders find it acceptable. The steps for developing a course of action are:
Establish the timeline
Depict the scenario
Identify and depict decision points
Identify and depict operational tasks
Select courses of action

14. Analyzing a Course of Action
For plans dealing with adaptive threats (e.g., terrorism), examining plans "through the eyes of the adversary" can lead to significant improvements and a higher probability of success. This process is known as "red-teaming.“
Essential elements of a red-team review include:
Engaging the law enforcement community and fusion centers to act as the adversary
Understanding the operational environment (e.g., geography, demography, economy, culture)
Establishing a potential adversary's identity, resources, tactics, and possible courses of action
Evaluating the plan under multiple scenarios and a wide range of circumstances using tabletop exercises, facilitated seminars, and computer models and simulations to aid in analysis.

15. Identify Resources
After selecting the courses of action for an EOP, the planning team identifies resources needed to make the operation work. They match available resources to all identified requirements. Whenever possible, planners should match resources with other geographical/regional needs so that multiple demands for the same or similar resources can be identified and conflicts resolved.
This step provides planners an opportunity to identify resource shortfalls to pass to higher levels of government and to prepare pre-scripted resource requests, as appropriate. The EOP should account for unsolvable resource shortfalls so they are not just “assumed away.”

16. Capability Estimate
The capability estimate represents the capabilities and resource types needed to complete a set of courses of action. It enables the EOP to account for unsolvable resource shortfalls so they are not just "assumed away."
The capability estimate process assesses a jurisdiction's ability to take a course of action and determines if pursuing a particular course of action is realistic and supportable. The resulting capability estimate will feed into the resource section of the plan or annex.

17. Capability Estimate Suggested formats:
Hazard or threat characteristics: states how the hazard’s or threat’s disaster dimension affect the functional area
Current status: lists the current status (e.g., training, serviceability, quantity) of resources that affect the functional area
Assumptions: lists any assumptions that affect the functional area
Courses of action: lists the courses of action considered during the planning process and the criteria used to evaluate them
Analysis: provides the analysis of each course of action using the criteria identified in Step 4 of the planning process
Comparison: compares and ranks the order of each course of action considered
Recommendation: recommends the most supportable course of action from the functional area

18. Capability Estimate
At a minimum, planners should prepare separate capability estimates for personnel, administration and finance, operational organizations (e.g., fire, law enforcement, EMS), logistics, communications, equipment, and facilities.
Each capability estimate compares the courses of action being considered for a particular operation.
They make recommendations as to which course of action best supports the operation.
Capability estimates should also identify the criteria used to evaluate each area; facts and assumptions that affect those areas; and the issues, differences, and risks associated with a course of action.

19. The Emergency Operations Plan
As you learned in an earlier lesson, the emergency operations plan, or EOP, describes how people and property will be protected. The EOP outlines:
Who is responsible for carrying out specific actions.
Lines of authority and organizational relationships.
Resources available within the jurisdiction or by agreement with other jurisdictions.
How actions will be coordinated.

20. EOP Structure
Various formats can be used for the EOP. Three are described below. None of them is mandatory unless specified in State requirements. You can learn more about these formats in CPG Select the links below for examples of each plan format.
***You are doing a traditional format.
Example is on class website!!

21. Common EOP Sections

22. Emergency Planning Step 5: Plan Preparation, Review, and Approval
After the plan has been developed, the team prepares the document and gets it ready for implementation. This step includes:
Writing and validating the plan.
Getting approval.
Disseminating the plan.

23. Writing the Plan
The plan development process provides the team with an outline and notes. As the planning team works through successive drafts, the members add necessary detail, including tables, charts, and other visual aids.
When drafting a plan, aim for creating a document that is easy to use.
Characteristics of an Easy-to-Use Plan:
Simple, clear language.
Important information summarized with visual aids.
Minimal jargon and acronyms.
Short sentences and active voice.
Detail without speculation.
Easy-to-use format (logical layout, table of contents, tabs, key bullet points, cross-referencing, etc.).

24. Validation and Review
An important part of Step 5 is reviewing the plan to ensure its accuracy and adequacy. Plans cannot be implemented without proper review and buy-in from all involved personnel. The following considerations should be part of the validation and review process:
Adequate
Feasibility
Acceptability
Completeness
Compliance
Whole community engagement

25. Plan Approval and Dissemination
Next, the team presents the validated plan to the appropriate elected officials and obtains approval. Official promulgation is vital to gaining the widest acceptance possible for the plan.
Once approved, the plan is distributed to stakeholders. “Sunshine” laws may require that a copy of the plan be posted on the jurisdiction’s website or be placed in some other public accessible location. It is important to make the plan available in alternate formats to ensure access by the whole community.

26. Lesson Summary
This lesson presented information about creating a plan, including:
Common sections and elements of an EOP and the purpose of each, including:
Basic plan.
Supporting annexes.
Threat/hazard/incident-specific annexes.
Implementing instructions.
The process for creating an EOP, including development, preparation, review, and approval.