1. Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemistry

2. 1.1 Chemistry
Matter is anything that has ____________ and takes up _____________.
What is Chemistry?
*Because living and nonliving things are made of matter, chemistry affects all aspects of life and most natural events.

3. Areas of Study (Page 8 in Text)
Five traditional areas of study:
1. Organic Chemistry
2. Inorganic Chemistry
3. Biochemistry
4. Analytical Chemistry
5. Physical Chemistry

4. Pure and Applied Chemistry
Pure chemistry-the pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake
Applied chemistry-research that is directed toward a practical goal or application
*Pure research can lead directly to an application, but an application can exist before research is done to explain how it works.
Example: Nylon, Aspirin, Technology

5. Why should we study chemistry?
Explain the natural world
Prepare for a career
Be an informed citizen
Knowledge

6. Chemists design materials to fit specific needs
1.2 Chemistry Far and Wide
Chemists design materials to fit specific needs
Often inspired by nature
*Macroscopic world
*Microscopic world

7. Energy
Chemists play an essential role in finding ways to conserve energy, produce energy, and store energy.
Conservation?
Production?
Storage?

8. Medicine and Biotechnology
Chemistry supplies the medicines, materials, and technology that doctors use to treat their patients.

9. Agriculture
Chemists help to develop more productive crops and safer, more effective ways to protect crops.

10. The Environment
Chemists help to identify pollutants and prevent pollution.

11. The Universe
Chemists gather data from afar and analyze matter that is brought back to Earth.

12. 1.3 Thinking like a Scientist
1928, Alexander Fleming
Chemistry – Alchemy (Alchemists developed the tools and techniques for working with chemicals)
Antoine Lavoisier (late 1700s) helped transform chemistry from a science of observation to the science of measurement it is today.
(O2 required for a material to burn)

13. The Scientific Method
A logical, systematic approach to the solution of a scientific problem
State the problem
Collect information
Hypothesis
Experiment
Make observations/Data collection
Conclusion-accept or reject hypothesis

14. Experiment Procedure used to test a hypothesis
Variables/factors that can change
a. Independent variable (manipulated) – the variable
that you ____________ during an experiment
b. Dependent variable (responding) – the variable that
is _________________ during the experiment
*the experiment must produce the same result no matter how many times it is repeated, or by whom.

15. Theory
A well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations
Scientific Law
-a concise statement that summarizes the results of many observations and experiments
When can a hypothesis become a theory?