1. 3-1 crustal deformation
Unit 3: Dynamic Earth

2. Vocabulary Anticline: Fracture: Deformation: Fault: Syncline
Tectonic Plates:
Anticline: upward fold
Fracture: break in a rock
Deformation: change in rock due to stress
Fault: a break in the earth's crust along which blocks of the crust slide relative to one another
Syncline; downward fold
Tectonic Plates: a giant mass of solid rock that makes up the outermost part of the earth.

3. Original Horizontality
Sedimentary rock and some extrusive igneous rocks, such as lava flows, form in horizontal layers parallel to Earth's surface.

4. strata
These layers are called strata.

5. Crustal Movement
Rocks found in other positions are thought to have been deformed by crustal movement.
Some of the types of deformed layers are
Folded
Tilted
faulted.

6. Deformation Folded rock layers are bent or curved.
Tilted rock layers are slanted or tipped.

7. Faults Faulted rock layers are offset or displaced along a type of
crack called a fault.

8. Faulting
A fault is a crack in a mass of rock along which there has been displacement, shifting, or movement of the rock layers on each side of the crack.