1. Less invasive cardiac operations through a median sternotomy: 100 consecutive cases 
Massimo Massetti, MD, Gerard Babatasi, MD, PhD, Anne Lotti, MD, Satar Bhoyroo, MD, Olivier Le Page, MD, Andre Khayat, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 66, Issue 3, Pages (September 1998)
DOI: /S (98)

2. Fig 1
Placement of the skin incision for the aortic (A) and mitral (B) procedures; a subcomplete median sternotomy is accomplished.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )

3. Fig 2
Aortic valve replacement: The prosthesis is sutured with a suspended continuous technique using a 2/0 monofilament.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )

4. Fig 3
Patient operated on for subaortic stenosis, seen on the fourth postoperative day.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )

5. Fig 4
The specific adapted instruments for the SCMS approach: (A) the illuminating disposable retractor, (B) the sagittal saw, and (C) the modified blades for the thoracic retractor.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )