1. Valve operations through a minimally invasive approach
Ernesto Weinschelbaum, MD, Pablo Stutzbach, MD, Alejandro Machain, MD, Roberto Favaloro, MD, Victor Caramutti, MD, Alejandro Bertolotti, MD, Hugo Fraguas, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 66, Issue 3, Pages (September 1998)
DOI: /S (98)

2. Fig 1
Incision for minithoracotomy in valve operations. The broken line shows the skin incision in the midline for cosmetic reasons. The solid line indicates the cutdown trajectory through the insertion of the third and fourth cartilages in the sternum.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )

3. Fig 2
(A) Device to move the sternum upward 2 to 3 cm. (B) Device placed in the surgical position that provides enough space for placement of the aortic clamp.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )