1. Grammar Lesson 4 pp

2. 1. X ga arimasu/imasu ~ ga arimasu: (inanimate object) exist.
1. Hon ga arimasu.
2. Kyoo tesuto arimashita ka.
3. Koohii wa arimasen deshita. Demo, ocha wa arimashita.

3. ~ga imasu: (animate object) exist.
1. Gakusee ga imashita yo.
2. Takeshi san no Otoosan wa
imasu ka.
3. Nihongo no sensee ga asoko ni imashita.

4. こたえてください。 (heya: room)
Koko ni gakusee wa imasu ka.
Gakusee desu ka. Hai, imasu.
Kono heya ni terebi ga arimasu ka.
Terebi desu ka. Hai, arimasu.

5. Koko ni, Tanaka-san wa imasu ka.
Tanaka-san desu ka. Iie, imasen.

6. 2. Describing where things are
Doko? Where?
Otearai doko desu ka.
Okaasan wa doko ni imasu ka.
Hiru gohan, doko de tabemashita ka.
Nichiyoobi doko e ikimasu ka.

7. Location words ~no naka desu / ni arimasu/ ni imasu. migi hidari mae
ushiro
~no naka desu / ni arimasu/ ni imasu. ue
shita
soba
tonari
~ to-- no aida

8. Example Migi desu. Depaato no migi desu.
Kissaten wa depaato no migi desu.

9. Make sentences using “arimasu.”

10. 4. Takusan Both are good. Kyooto de shashin o takusan torimashita.
Kyooto de takusan syashin o torimashita.

11. 5. Duration of time ~ jikan : ~ hours ~jikan han ~ and half hours
*A particle is not necessary after this.
Mearii-san wa ichi-jikan benkyoo shimashita.
Ni-jikan han eega o mimashita.

12. 6. Particle: to (と) to: 1. Connect two nouns
Nihongo to eego ga wakarimasu.
Koohii to ocha o nomimashita.
With ~
Takeshi-san to ikimashita.

13. 7. Particle: mo (も） mo: also 1A. Tanaka-san wa gakusee desu.
1B. Satoo-san mo gakusee desu.
2A. Tonkatsu o tabemashita.
2B. Yasai mo tabemashita.

14. Exceptions! 3A. Kyooto ni ikimasu. 3B. Oosaka mo ikimasu.
3C. Oosaka ni mo ikimasu.
4A. Toshokan de benkyoo shimashita.
4B. Uchi de mo benkyoo shimashita.
4C.  Uchi mo benkyoo shimashita. (incorrect)