1. Ethics of human research

2. Nazi research

3. Japanese research during WW2

4. 1947 Nuremburg code

5. But things were better in the US, right?NO

6. : Tuskegee Study

7. 1946-1948 Syphilis in Guatemala

8. 1944-1974: Human Radiation Experiments

9. 1963: Jewish Hospital Chronic Disease

10. : Willowbrook Study

11. 1968 Tearoom Trade study

12. Zimbardo’s Prison Study (1971)
BBC’s The Experiment (2002)

13. Belmont report (1979): Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research
Respect for Persons
individuals have autonomy and choice
people can not be used as a means to an end
provide protection to the vulnerable [fetuses, pregnant women, human in vitro fertilization, children, prisoners, or subjects who may have diminished capacity.]
provide informed consent and privacy
Beneficence
minimize risks, maximize benefits
obligation to do good
obligation to do no harm
obligation to prevent harm
basis of risk/benefit assessment
Justice
treat all fairly
share equitably burdens and benefits
selection not based on convenience

14. 1999 Jesse Gelsinger Gene Therapy death 2006 “elephant man” trial
BBC,
1999 Jesse Gelsinger Gene Therapy death
2006 “elephant man” trial
2016 painkiller trial
Stephanie Mahe, Reuters

15. APA guidelines

16. 1) Get IRB approval Institutional Review Board
Office of Human Research Protections
Review most research done at an institution or by those affiliated with that institution (required for all organizations that receive any federal funds)
Made up of members with expertise from across the university, plus at least one outside person and at least one nonscientific person

17. 2) Get informed consent For research For use of recordings, images
Dual relationships
Parent consent, child assent
Freedom to withdraw
Confidentiality

18. 3) inducements
Large payments

19. 4) Deception
Only use when necessary
5) Debrief

20. Discuss cases How okay are these examples?
How could they be made better or more ethical?