1. Transition & Coherence
College English
Yichun Liu

2. Why it’s important?
Good transitions can connect paragraphs and turn disconnected writing into a unified whole. Instead of treating paragraphs as separate ideas, transitions can help readers understand how paragraphs work together, reference one another, and build to a larger point. The key to producing good transitions is highlighting connections between corresponding paragraphs.

3. How to do it?
Picking up key phrases from the previous paragraph and highlighting them in the next can create an obvious progression for readers.

4. Example: Overall, Management Systems International has logged increased sales in every sector, leading to a significant rise in third-quarter profits. Another important thing to note is that the corporation had expanded its international influence.
Revision: Overall, Management Systems International has logged increased sales in every sector, leading to a significant rise in third- quarter profits. These impressive profits are largely due to the corporation's expanded international influence.

5. Example: Fearing for the loss of Danish lands, Christian IV signed the Treaty of Lubeck, effectively ending the Danish phase of the 30 Years War. But then something else significant happened. The Swedish intervention began.
Revision: Fearing for the loss of more Danish lands, Christian IV signed the Treaty of Lubeck, effectively ending the Danish phase of the 30 Years War. Shortly after Danish forces withdrew, the Swedish intervention began.

6. Coherence
Coherence is the trait that makes the paragraph easily understandable to a reader. You can help create coherence in your paragraphs by creating logical bridges and verbal bridges

7. Unity
The entire paragraph should concern itself with a single focus.
Logical bridges
The same idea of a topic is carried over from sentence to sentence
Verbal bridges
Key words can be repeated in several sentences
Synonymous words can be repeated in several sentences
Pronouns can refer to nouns in previous sentences
Transition words can be used to link ideas from different sentences

8. Transitional devices
Transitional devices are like bridges between parts of your paper. They are cues that help the reader to interpret ideas a paper develops.
Transitional devices are words or phrases that help carry a thought from one sentence to another to link sentences and paragraphs together smoothly so that there are no abrupt jumps or breaks between ideas.

9. To Add:
and, again, and then, besides, equally important, finally, further, furthermore, nor, too, next, lastly, what's more, moreover, in addition, first (second, etc.)
To Compare:
whereas, but, yet, on the other hand, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, by comparison, where, compared to, up against, balanced against, vis a vis, but, although, conversely, meanwhile, after all, in contrast, although this may be true

10. To Prove:
because, for, since, for the same reason, obviously, evidently, furthermore, moreover, besides, indeed, in fact, in addition, in any case, that is
To Show Exception:
yet, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, of course, once in a while, sometimes
To Show Time:
immediately, thereafter, soon, after a few hours, finally, then, later, previously, formerly, first (second, etc.), next, and then

11. in brief, as I have said/noted, as has been noted
To Repeat:
in brief, as I have said/noted, as has been noted
To Emphasize:
definitely, extremely, obviously, in fact, indeed, absolutely, positively, naturally, surprisingly, always, forever, perennially, eternally, never, emphatically, unquestionably, without a doubt, certainly, undeniably, without reservation
To Show Sequence:
first, second, and so forth. A, B, and so forth. next, then, following this, at this time, at this point, after, afterward, subsequently, finally, consequently, previously, before this, hence, simultaneously, concurrently, thus, therefore

12. To Give an Example:
for example, for instance, in this case, in another case, on this occasion, in this situation, take the case of, to demonstrate, to illustrate, as an illustration, to illustrate
To Summarize or Conclude:
in brief, on the whole, summing up, to conclude, in conclusion, as I have shown, as I have said, hence, therefore, accordingly, thus, as a result, consequently, on the whole

13. *List of comparison conjunctions :
Short Conjunctions
Longer Expressions
Similarly,
Likewise,
in the same way
...the same as...
...also...
..., too.
both
as…as
similar to
neither …nor
In the same way,
X is similar to Y in that (they)...
X and Y are similar in that
Like X, Y [verb]...
In like manner,
One way in which X is similar to Y is (that)...
Another way in which X is similar to Y is (that)...

14. Contrast Conjunctions
Short Conjunctions
Subordinating Conjunctions
However,
In contrast,
By contrast,
..., but
..., yet
比較級
not the same as
not as… as
different from
On the other hand,
even though + [sentence]
although + [sentence]
whereas + [sentence]
unlike + [sentence]
while + [sentence]
nevertheless,