1. The 8-D System 4. 5. 1. 6. 2. 7. 3. 8. Awareness of Problem Identify
Potential
Cause(s) 5.
Choose/Verify
Corrective Actions
Use Team
Approach
Implement
Permanent
Corrective Actions 1.
Select Likely
Causes 6.
Is the Potential Cause a Root Cause?
Describe
the Problem 2.
Prevent
Recurrence 7. No
Implement and
Verify Interim
(Containment)
Action(s)
Yes
The ‘D’ in 8-D stands for Disciplines
In the early part of this course, we will talk a lot about Teams. Teams are important. Why do you think this is so?
Normally people in a company have skills, experience and abilities which complement each other. A company as a whole is complex - a set of systems with different functional experts in different areas. The areas complement each other and many have interactions. Quality affects manufacturing. Design affects quality. Quality affects design.
The 8-Disciplines methodology requires a team effort to ensure that there is communication between ‘interested parties’ and that interactions are identified and effects assessed.
Congratulate
Your Team 3. 8.
Identify Possible
Solutions

2. Typical Investigation Time Line
Initiate
Containment Actions
Withdraw
Containment Actions
Problem Solving Efforts D1
Symptom
Appears
Internal
and/or
External
Establish Team D4
Second
Assessment
Internal Group
Verify Permanent
Corrective Actions
Investigation D3 D5 D6 D7 D0 D2
Implement Permanent
Corrective Actions
First
Assessment
Internal
Individual
Third Assessment
Internal Group
with
Internal / External
Customer Involvement
While the sequence above appears clear, some things will be happening concurrently.
Important terms / concepts to understand:
Containment
Escape Point
Escape Path
Interim Corrective Action
Root Cause
Permanent Corrective Action
Prevent Recurrence
This process can stop or loop back upon its self at any point in the process.

3. Problem Solving / Analysis
Process Tools
Past
Present
Future
Problem Solving / Analysis
Decision Making /
Concerns Analysis
Planning and
Problem Prevention D0 D1
Use Team Approach
Describe The Problem D2 D3
Containment (Interim) Actions
Root Cause
Analysis D4
Implement Permanent Corrective Action
Choose/Verify Corrective Action(s) D5 D6
Congratulate the Team D8 D7
Prevent Recurrence Action