1. Emergency Communications
Agenda
Emergency Communications – Single Station
- Spontaneous situation
Equipment
Resource Material
Life Support
Preparation Tips
Emergency Communications – Communication Unit
- Large scale problem and all hands on deck
The various responding organizations
Training Requirements and Suggestions
Getting Started
Assume they have not read the write up

2. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station
Preparation Tips
Depends on commitment level
Plan
Implement – Train or Experience
Review and Start Over

3. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station
Handi Talkie
Two – if you can
Primary / dual band
Most Options
Programmable
Durable / Robust / Simple
min features to go wrong
Less battery draw

4. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Batteries
Power
Batteries: Type
Nicad
Nickel Metal Hydride
Lithium Ion

5. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – HT Batteries #1
4.1. Nickel Cadmium (Ni-Cd)
Nickel Cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries were the standard technology for years, but today they are out of date and new laptops don't use them anymore. They are heavy and very prone to the "memory effect". When recharging a NiCd battery that has not been fully discharged, it "remembers" the old charge and continues there the next time you use it. The memory effect is caused by crystallization of the battery's substances and can permanently reduce your battery's lifetime, even make it useless. To avoid it, you should completely discharge the battery and then fully recharge it again at least once every few weeks. As this battery contains cadmium, a toxic material, it should always be recycled or disposed of properly.
NiCad batteries, and to a some degree NiMH batteries, suffer from what's called the memory effect. Memory Effect means that if a battery is repeatedly only partially discharged before recharging, the battery will forget that it can further discharge. The best way to prevent this situation is to fully charge and discharge your battery on a regular basis.

6. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – HT Batteries #2
4.2. Nickel Metal Hydride (Ni-MH)
Nickel Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) batteries are the cadmium-free replacement for NiCad. They are less affected by the memory effect than NiCd and thus require less maintenance and conditioning. However, they have problems at very high or low room temperatures. And even though they use less hazardous materials (i.e., they do not contain heavy metals), they cannot be fully recycled yet. Another main difference between NiCad and NiMH is that NiMH battery offers higher energy density than NiCads. In other words, the capacity of a NiMH is approximately twice the capacity of its NiCad counterpart. What this means for you is increased run-time from the battery with no additional bulk or weight.

7. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – HT Batteries #3
4.3. Lithium Ion (Li-ion)
Lithium Ion (Li-ion) are the new standard for portable power. Li-ion batteries produce the same energy as NiMH but weighs approximately 20%-35% less. They do not suffer significantly from the memory effect unlike their NiMH and Ni-Cd counterparts. Their substances are non-hazardous to the 0. Because lithium ignites very easily, they require special handling. Unfortunately, few consumer recycling programs have been established for Li-ion batteries at this point in time.

8. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – HT Batteries #4
How Many?, How big (Mah)?, Type ?

9. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – HT Batteries #5

10. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Misc…

11. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station
Equipment
In the vehicle
VHF
Radio
Best is cross band – Kenwood V71
Must be comfortable with it
s????
Signalink
Computer
Power
Car Battery Isolator
Run radio off of separate batteries
Transportation
Antenna
Mag Mount – Spare?
Pizza Pan Ground

12. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station

13. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station
Equipment
In the vehicle / Portable HF
REALLY?
Radio: All Band
Yaesu 857D, ($ 750)
817/8*
Icom 7100, 7000, 706 MkIIG ($ 820)
Icom 7200*
Why
Personal Local / Long Distance
Portable ops (Red Cross)
Challenges
Require added infrastructure

14. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station
Equipment
Vehicle / Portable
Antenna
Depends on purpose –?
Ham Stick – Vehicle mount (Single Band)
NVIS / Single Band Dipole 40/80
Mast requirements
Painters pole
Yard Stakes
Parachute Cord
Tripod?
Tuner?
Manual / Auto
Radio/Freq Compatible?

15. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station
Go Boxes
Gator Cases:
Ammo Boxes

16. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station
Equipment - Portable
Power
Battery Isolator (marine pictured)
Run radio off of separate batteries
Battery & Solar
Deep Cycle / Marine
Solare Panel (100watt, 8amp)

17. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station

18. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station

19. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station
Resource Material
Items to Carry
Contacts, including Lat and Long for family and friends
Full information, including class, of all known amateur operators
Full contact information for County and State officials
Local repeater information including public safety
Known frequencies on non-amateur radio – CB Channel 9 and 19
Maps and Compass
Winlink frequencies
Spare Forms
214
213
205
Others?
Format of Material
Hard bound binder
Flash Card – requires a computer

20. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Maps

21. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station
Life Support
Critical Items
Water and food
Medication and First Aid
Sun Protection
Identification and Cash
How many days?
Spare clothes and shoes
Time of Year
Cold vs Hot
Others?

22. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Single Station
Preparation Tips
Depends on commitment level
Plan
Implement – Train or Experience
Review and Start Over

23. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Communications Unit
Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES)
Established by the ARRL in 1935
ARRL signed an MOU with FEMA in 2014 with an update due soon
ARES is the chosen organization for emergency communications
ARES provides a majority of communications training on behalf of FEMA
ARESMAT – ARES member ready, willing and able to travel to support local ARES efforts

24. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Communications Unit
Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES)

25. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Communications Unit
Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)
Established by the FCC in 1952
Allows President to order radio silence
All frequencies devoted to use by the President
Only registered operators may communicate when national unrest is declared
Not an actual organization
RACES is an group of people that:
Offer their equipment and expertise to be used when national unrest is declared
Certified by Local Safety Organization . . .County / City

26. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Communications Unit
Organizations - Others
Cal OES - Communications Reserve
Military Auxiliary Radio System (MARS) - Military
Shared Resource System (SHARES) – Little known US Government sponsored coordination for HF
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FNARS) – FEMA HF network tested daily
Radio Emergency Associated Communications Teams (REACT) – Operators on CB, GMRS, FRS & MURS
American Red Cross and Salvation Army Communications Units
Local Amateur Radio Clubs like PARS

27. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Communications Unit
Organizations – ICS Structure

28. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Communications Unit
Sheriff’s Communication Reserve
Comm Reserve is an on-demand team of communications professionals.
BCSCR members set up tactical repeaters and
IP infrastructure, program / keyload subscribers,
maintain repeater sites and draft incident communications plans.

29. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Communications Unit
Sheriff’s Communication Reserve

30. Emergency Communications
Emergency Communications – Communications Unit
Preparation Tips
FEMA Training - FEMA Identification Number
ICS 100, 200, 700, 800
Free On-Line and at own pace
FEMA courses
Formal Message Handling
Get involved

31. Emergency Communications