1. Effects of diesel exhaust on allergic airway inflammation in mice
Yuichi Miyabara, PhD, Takamichi Ichinose, PhD, Hirohisa Takano, MD, Heung-Bin Lim, PhD, Masaru Sagai, PhD 
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 
Volume 102, Issue 5, Pages (November 1998)
DOI: /S (98)
Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Histologic changes of eosinophilic inflammation in airway after ovalbumin (OVA) challenge with or without diesel exhaust exposure (DE) . Mice were exposed to clean air or diesel exhaust for 5 to 6 weeks with ovalbumin sensitization. Lungs were removed 1, 2, 3, and 7 days after ovalbumin challenge. Degree of eosinophilic infiltration into submucosal layer was estimated: (-), none; (±), very slight; (+), slight; (++), moderate; (+++), moderate to marked; (++++) marked. n = 8 for each group. Significant difference was evaluated by Mann-Whitney U test. *P < .05 compared with Air-saline group, †P < .05 compared with DE-saline group, ‡P < .05 compared with Air-OVA group, §P < .05, compared with 1 day after challenge, ¶P < .05 compared with 2 days after challenge, #P < .05 compared with 3 days after challenge group.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , DOI: ( /S (98) )
Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Histologic changes of hyperplasia of goblet cells in airway after ovalbumin (OVA) challenge with or without diesel exhaust (DE) exposure. Mice were exposed to clean air or diesel exhaust for 5 to 6 weeks with ovalbumin sensitization. Lungs were removed 1, 2, 3, and 7 days after ovalbumin challenge. Degree of goblet cell proliferation, which reflected airway cell injury, was estimated: (-), none; (±), very slight; (+), slight; (++), moderate; (+++), moderate to marked; (++++), marked. n = 8 for each group. Significant difference was evaluated by Mann-Whitney U test. *P < .05 compared with Air-saline group, †P < .05 compared with DE-saline group, ‡P < .05 compared with AIR-OVA group, §P < .05 compared with 1 day after challenge, ¶P < .05 compared with 2 days after challenge, #P < .05 compared with 3 days after challenge group.
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , DOI: ( /S (98) )
Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Cellular profile in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) . Mice were exposed to clean air or diesel exhaust (DE) for 5 weeks with or without ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization. Bronchoalveolar lavage was conducted 24 hours after ovalbumin challenge. Total cell counts were determined on fresh BALF, and differential cell counts were assessed with Diff-Quik staining. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM of 9 mice per group. *P < .05 compared with Air-saline group, †P < .05 compared with DE-saline group, ‡P < .05 compared with Air-OVA group. (Student t test).
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , DOI: ( /S (98) )
Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Airway responsiveness to acetylcholine (ACh) . Provocative concentration of acetylcholine causing 50% increase in respiratory resistance (PC150 ) values. Mice were exposed to clean air or diesel exhaust (DE) for 5 weeks with or without ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization. Respiratory resistance (Rrs) to acetylcholine was measured 24 hours after ovalbumin challenge. Baseline Rrs of Air-saline, DE-saline, Air-OVA, and DE-OVA groups were 1.12, 1.09, 1.23, and 1.19 cm H2 O/mL per second, respectively. We monitored provocative concentration of acetylcholine causing 50% increase in Rrs (PC150 ) values. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM of 8 mice per group. *P < .05 compared with Air-saline group, †P < .05 compared with DE-saline group, ‡P < .05 compared with Air-OVA group (Student t test).
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology  , DOI: ( /S (98) )
Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions