2. Carbon Dioxide Emission: 24 billion tons per year

3. CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE Carbon capture and storage is mostly used to describe methods for removing CO 2 emissions from large stationary sources, such as electricity generation and some industrial processes, and storing it away from the atmosphere.

4. Carbon Capture Technology Post- combustion capture React the flue gas with chemicals that absorb CO 2 and then heat the chemicals to release CO 2. NOTE: Flue gas : Mixture of nitrogen, water vapor and 15 % of Carbon dioxide.

5. Carbon Capture Technology Oxy-fuel combustion – Use pure oxygen to support the fossil fuel combustion. The flue gas is then mostly CO 2 and water making it to separate easily.

6. Carbon Capture Technology Pre- combustion capture Remove carbon before combustion. By gasifying the coal through the reaction with more oxygen, it is possible to a mix of mostly CO 2 and hydrogen.

7. Transportation Many point sources of captured CO 2 would not be close to geological or oceanic storage facilities. In these cases, transportation would be required. The main form of transportation – pipeline. – Shipping

8. Carbon Storage technology Geological storage Oceanic storage

9. Geological storage

10. Oceanic Storage Two storage mechanism has been proposed – Dissolving CO 2 at mid-depth. – Injecting the CO 2 at depths in excess of 3 km, where it would form lakes of liquid CO 2. Bellow 3 km liquid CO 2 would be denser than sea water and would sink to the ocean floor.

11. Monitoring Geochemical Monitoring Seismic Monitoring Non-Seismic Monitoring

12. What might Carbon Capture and Storage look like? The diagram is from a BP news release from the abandoned Miller project, UK North Sea, which is no longer available online.

13. Carbon Storage Concerns CCS technologies actually require a lot of energy to implement and run transporting captured CO 2 by truck or ship, require fuel. Creating a CCS-enabled power plant also requires a lot of money. What happens if the carbon dioxide leaks out underground? We can't really answer this question. Because the process is so new, we don't know its long-term effects. Slow leakage would lead to climate changing. Sudden catastrophic leakage is dangerous, and causes asphyxiation. The more CO 2 an ocean surface absorbs, the more acidic it becomes, higher water acidity adversely affects marine life.

14. FutureGen FutureGen is a public-private partnership to build a first-of-its-kind coal-fueled, near-zero emissions power plant. It will use cutting-edge technologies to generate electricity while capturing and permanently storing carbon dioxide deep beneath the earth. The plant will also produce hydrogen and byproducts for possible use by other

15. Where are the proposed CCS projects? http://www.geos.ed.ac.uk/sccs/storage/storag eSites.html http://www.geos.ed.ac.uk/sccs/storage/storag eSites.html More links http://network.carboncapturejournal.com/vid eo/2018151:Video:4342 http://network.carboncapturejournal.com/vid eo/2018151:Video:4342 http://www.futuregenalliance.org/about.stm