1. Federalism

2. Definition Federalism-
System of gov. in which power is divided between a central/national gov. and several regional gov.
Ex. United States:
National gov. and state gov.
State gov. and local gov.

3. Argument Federalists: Anti-Federalists:
Want strong central gov.; supported Constitution
Anti-Federalists:
Want power in state gov.; opposed Constitution

4. Argument Strong nat. gov. would: Unite states into a nation
Federalists
Anti-Federalists
Strong nat. gov. would:
Unite states into a nation
Foster commercial growth of country
Maintain peace among states and ensure equality to all
No Bill of Rights
Too much power in nat. gov.
Limited the significance of voters in choosing President
Feared President/Central Gov. would be too powerful
Argument

5. Who’s Who? Federalists: Anti-Federalists:
James Madison, Alexander Hamilton,
John Jay
Anti-Federalists:
Sam Adams, Patrick Henry, John Hancock

6. The Fight for Ratification
Needed 9 states’ votes for; Got 9 (NH) in 1788
Missing Virginia & New York; key states for survival of Constitution
Campaigns to sway opinions/votes within the states
Virginia ratifies
Still need New York
Propaganda escalates

7. The Federalist Papers Hamilton, Madison, Jay
85 essays in support of the Constitution
Published in the newspapers for people to read
Anti-Federalists respond with essays of their own to put down the Constitution

8. Federalist #10 & #51 #10: #51: Dealing with Factions-
A group with a larger group
Advantage of representative gov. rather that pure democracy
#51:
System of Checks & Balances
Branches of gov. Prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful

9. Ratification New York agrees to Constitution (1788)
11 of 13 states ratify (N. Carolina & Rhode Island)
Elect George Washington as President
John Adams as Vice Pres.
New York as temporary capital

10. Summary Federalism is a compromise and improvement:
Weakness with AoC. is that state gov. are too independent
More powers to Central gov.
Checks & Balances:
Separation of Powers among branches

11. What Did They Ratify?

12. Constitution Basics Popular Sovereignty- rule by the people
Federalism- divided gov. power between national (federal) and state gov.
Separation of Powers- power is divided among national gov.
Legislative, Executive, Judicial
What do they do?

13. Constitution Basics (cont.)
Checks and Balances: -each branch may check (restrain) the others
Prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful
Legislative:
Remove judges & president; override veto
Executive:
Appoints judges; power of veto
Judicial:
Declare acts unconstitutional(Judicial Review)
Executive and Legislative

14. Constitution Basics (cont.)
Amendment- a change to constitutional law

15. Summary
Ratified a document that will “unite” the states and the people
Stronger central gov.; weaker state gov.
Limited gov:
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances
Divide Powers between states and federal gov.

16. Powers To…

17. Powers to Natl. Gov. Enumerated Powers: Levy taxes set and collect
Borrow money (on credit of the U.S.)
Regulate commerce among foreign nations & states
Declare war
Raise & maintain military
National supremacy- natl. gov. has overall power

18. Powers to States Reserved Powers:
Powers not given to natl. gov., but not denied to the states, lay to the states (10th amendment)
Educational systems
Gay marriage
Gun control laws
Death penalty

19. Powers to Both Concurrent Powers: Powers to tax Build roads
Create lower courts

20. Weaknesses to Solution
Articles of Confederation
Constitution
Weak nat. gov; strong state gov.
Natl. gov. cannot levy taxes
Congress cannot regulate commerce
No court system
Unanimous vote for amendments
No protection of rights of individuals
Strong natl gov.; weaker state gov.
Natl. gov. can levy taxes
Nat. gov. can regulate commerce (states & foreign)
Judiciary branch
2/3 majority of Congress & ¾ vote of states for amendments
No protection of rights
Weaknesses to Solution