1. Protestant Reformation
1/17/2017
Protestant Reformation
CH 16

2. Writers who criticized the Church:
John Wycliffe
Jan Hus
Desiderius Erasmus
Thomas Moore
The Need for Reform
The Roman Catholic Church had become increasingly corrupt during the Middle Ages
Focus on salvation, not on living a good life
Worldliness of Church officials
Wealth
Selling of indulgences
Critics of the Church agreed on two things:
Denial of Pope’s worldly power
Bible > Church leaders

3. Outside Factors that Contributed to the Reformation
Renaissance emphasis on the secular and individual
Printing press spread of ideas
Northern Italian merchants resented paying taxes to Rome
German princes resented the Holy
Roman Emperor and Papal authority

4. Martin Luther and the 95 Theses
Martin Luther taught Wittenberg in the Germany
Priest and scholar
Concerned with salvation
Oct. 31, 1517 – wrote and posted the 95 Theses in response to Johann Tetzel’s indulgences
Unwittingly began a rebellion
Luther’s Teachings:
Salvation by faith alone
Bible is the ONLY word of God
Priests are not necessary

5. Response to Luther Lutherans become the first Protestant denomination
1520 Pope Leo X excommunicated Luther after he burned Leo’s threatening decree
Holy Roman Emperor Charles V
Called Luther to trial at Worms to testify
Issued the Edict of Worms – Luther is condemned by the state
In exile he translates the New Testament into German
Lutherans become the first Protestant denomination
ministers not priests
Services and Bibles in German, not Latin
can get married