1. CS 1308 Exam 2 Review

2. Exam Format The above are approximations 105 Total Points
25 Points Short Answer
20 Points Fill in the Blank
15 Points T/F
45 Points Multiple Choice
The above are approximations

3. Example Short Answer
What are the three parts of the execution cycle?

4. Example T/F problem
T F The ALU is not part of the CPU.

5. Example Multiple Choice
How many bits are in a byte? A) 4 B) 8 C) 10 D) 16 E) 256

6. Building the CPU Truth tables Understand example CE circuit from class
20 Points
Boolean logic (AND, OR, NOT)
Gates, circuits, truth tables
Truth tables
AND, OR, NOT
Draw a truth table from a circuit
Understand example CE circuit from class

7. Putting it All Together
25 Points
All information is digital
The more bits you have, the more different things you can represent
2bits is a formula for determining the number of things you can represent
Von Neumann Architecture
Data and instructions stored in memory and logically the same
Should be able to draw it (with labels)

8. Putting it all Together (cont.)
Memory
RAM
Store and Fetch
Cache
Input/ Output
Secondary storage is much slower than RAM
Why might your program run faster if you add more RAM?

9. Putting it all Together (cont.)
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Instruction Sets Machine Language
Control Unit / Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Execution Cycle - Fetch/Decode/Execute
Registers (Program Counter, Instruction Pointer, Accumulator)

10. Building Software 8 Points Phases of development High-level Language
Requirements gathering
Writing Specifications
Writing the Code
Testing
Maintenance and Support
The longest of the phases
High-level Language
Closer to English
Compiler
Converts a high level language program to machine language for a particular computer.

11. System Software and File Systems
15 Points
Operating systems
Basic Input/Output (BIOS)
What are the main functions of the OS?
What resources does the OS manage?
Know some of the names of the main Operating Systems (Windows, Mac, Unix, Linux)
File Systems
File Types
Text vs. Binary
File protection
Files need to be world readable to be shared on the web
Directory Trees
Absolute vs. Relative Paths
Current directory “.”
Parent Directory “..”

12. Information Systems 20 points Spreadsheets Databases Cells Values
Formulas
=A1+B1….common form of a formula
IF, SUM, AVERAGE
Concepts from homework assignment
Databases
Relational Databases
Information stored in Tables
Keys
Relationships
Every field should have just one piece of data and no data should be duplicated
Structured Query Language (SQL) used to add, modify, delete database content

13. Digital Audio 5 Points What is sound?
Analog vs Digital representation of sound
What is sampling?
Sampling rate (44.1 kHz)
Sampling depth (bits per sample, e.g. 16 for CD quality)
File size of sampled file
MPEG Compression
What is it?
What factors influence compression?
Be able to estimate the size of a file based on the sampling rate and bit depth.

14. Digital Images 5 Points What is a pixel? What is resolution?
What if I have more pixels?
Larger files, better quality
More bits used for each pixel, the more colors I can represent.

15. Homework Assignments 20 points
Do each assignment and understand what you did.
Remember something about the assignment details. For example, “I imported a plain text file into Google Docs.”
Remember what tools you used for what task.
You will not have to know the details of what key or menu item to use for a specific task.
Remember something about the assignment details. For example, “I had to figure out the mileage by car and by foot to my elementary school.”
You will have to know simple formulas for spreadsheets.

16. How to Study Look at homework assignments. Use study groups.
Read the book.
Memorize, but understand.
Don’t stay up late!! Get some sleep and eat a good breakfast.

17. What to bring Pencils and erasers We will provide scratch paper
9am section bring paper study materials!!
No calculators or cell phones

18. Questions