10. Study by W.Bowen, M.Chingos, and M. McPherson, published in 2009. Focused attention on disparities in graduation rates by SES & race – but also by selectivity, finding that… …for students with nearly identical background characteristics, attending a less selective university lessens the likelihood of graduation.

11. Bowen et al conclude: Students should attend the most selective school to which they can be admitted!

13. Montclair State University University of Maryland Baltimore County George Mason University Towson University University of California Long Beach University of California Riverside Grand Valley State University Michigan Technological University University of Kansas Georgia State University

14. COLLABORATIVE AND COORDINATED Leadership for student success is everyones job. Consistently reinforce high expectations for student performance and provide support to meet academic challenges. Clearly define pathways to success. (clear curricular paths, course availability) Pay attention & use data to improve.

15. Challenging & engaging academics...the most important thing a college can do to help students graduate is often to ask more of them, not less. Accessible & responsive faculty Focus on teaching excellence