1. Human Evolution
CHW 3MR
Lesson 2

2. The Evolutionary Process
Evolution: a theory that all species evolved from previous forms of development
Charles Darwin wrote “Descent of Man” in 1871
It was a follow-up to “The Origin of Species” (1859)
Was very controversial
Especially to Darwin

3. Human Family Tree

4. http://humanorigins .si.edu/evidence/hu man-fossils/species

5. Hominids Family of humans Walk upright, large brain, use tools
/human-fossils/species

6. Ardipithecus Group Evolved in Africa
Took first steps towards walking upright
A partial skeleton, “Ardi,” was discovered in 2009

7. Australopithecus Group
Australopithecus afarensis
million years ago
Includes “Lucy”
Around 1.2 m tall
Walked around regularly but also climbed trees
Footprints found in Tanzania likely belong to them
Laetoli footprints

8. Paranthropus Group Large teeth and powerful jaws
Fed on a variety of food

9. Homo group
Large brains
Used tools
First to expand beyond Africa

10. Homo habilis The ‘handyman’ who used tools
Brain was larger than the Australopithicus
Long arms and a short body (ape-like)

11. Homo erectus
million years ago (in Asia until years ago)
First to immigrate out of Africa
Large face, thick skull, prominent browridge, receding forehead

12. Nariokotome Boy “Turkana Boy” showed they were size of modern man
Used tools and may have used fire and lived in caves
1.5 million years old
Nearly complete skeleton found in Kenya (1984)

13. Homo Neanderthalensis
Skull located in France in 1908
Lived in caves, used tools and weapons
Injured and dead were cared for
Huge nose for filtering air
Shorter and stockier than previous groups
Lascaux Caves, France

15. Homo sapiens 200 000 to 300 000 years ago
Skulls were slightly rounder and larger than Homo erectus
Smaller teeth and jaw
Large brain capacity (same as us!)
Means ‘wise man’