1. Disability Inclusion
This presentation will give you some basic information about the inclusion of people and children with a disability in your programs. If you want more detail info, please visit our pages on disability inclusion on the knowledgeportal.

2. Content of the presentation
Facts
Disability
Barriers
Types
Models
Disability inclusion
Video
In this presentation you will find information about the following subjects.

3. Facts
Strong link between poverty and disability (World Bank, 2010) 75-90% of persons with disabilities in the South live below the poverty line (WHO, 2011)
Strong linkage between low and irregular income and disability (World Health Organisation, 2011)
Forty million of the 115 million children who don’t attend school have a disability (EFA Global Monitoring Report, 2010).
Over 1 billion people live with some form of disability. This corresponds to about 15% of the world's population (WHO, 2011).
Did you know these facts about disability?

4. People living with disabilities are often trapped in this vicious circle.

5. Disability:
The UN convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD): ‘Persons with disabilities include those who have long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their full and effective participation in society on an equal basis with others.’
This is the most used definition on disability.

6. Impairment-disability
Impairment is the loss of a function of the body.
Disability is when the person has an impairment and experiences a barrier to do an activity.
Disability = impairment x barriers
Impairment and disability are not the same!

7. Barriers
People living with disabilities often come across different kind of barriers. There are four types of barriers:
Attitudinal barriers: prejudice, discrimination and stigmatization because of the disability. Physical barriers: physical barriers that prevent persons with disabilities from participating. Communication barriers: communication issues that prevent persons with disabilities from full and effective participation. Institutional barriers: the failure to make provisions for persons with different types of disabilities in national or organizational plans, policies, legal frameworks, data collection, strategic plans etc.

8. Types Physical impairments Hearing impairments Vision impairments
Speech impairments
Mental illnesses
Intellectual impairments
Albinism
There are different types of disabilities.

9. Charity model
There are different approaches to disability. This is the old charity model. People living with disabilities are seen as victims of their impairment. They are to be pitied and need our help, sympathy, charity and welfare in order to be looked after.

10. Medical approach
According to the medical approach, persons with disabilities need special services and special institutions where therapists, social workers and medical professionals determine special treatment and education.

11. Right based approach
The new understanding about disability challenges the more traditional viewpoint that disability is strictly a an charity issue or a medical problem. This right based approach emphasis that persons with disabilities are often prevented from reaching their full potential not because of their impairment, but because of barriers in the society. People with disabilities are full and equal members of the society and have a right to access all basic needs.

12. ‘Not the individual is disabled, but the society’

13. Disability inclusion
Disability inclusive development honours the following principles:
Attitude: respect and dignity
Communication: inclusive communication
Accessibility: barrier-free environment
Participation: active involvement
To ensure that persons with disabilities have access to basic services and can get out of poverty, we call for disability inclusion. Disability inclusion is a goal to ensure that persons with disabilities have equal access to basic services, both in developed, developing or humanitarian contexts, as are available to non-disabled persons. In order to ensure that persons with disabilities are reached, it is essential to apply this four main principles of inclusion.

14. Twin track approach:
Combining two approaches: -Disability mainstreaming -Disability-specific interventions.
Disability inclusion can be achieved by combining two approaches – disability mainstreaming and disability-specific interventions. This is called the twin-track approach. These approaches need to be addressed at the same time.

15. ‘Inclusion where possible, specific when needed’
Disability Mainstreaming is the process of removing barriers to participation for persons with disabilities in mainstream organisations and activities.
Disability Specific Interventions: Provision of disability specific services such as rehabilitation, provision of assistive devices & medical treatment.
‘Inclusion where possible, specific when needed’
Most of the problems can be solved by mainstreaming disability (roughly 80%) and less on disability specific interventions (20%) in programs. The credo is: Inclusion where possible, specific when needed!

16. Want to know more?
Find extra information on our Disability Inclusion pages:
Good examples
Ready-to-use tools
Background information
Opportunities to get in touch
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