1. TCR signaling is required for exhausted-like TRM cell formation and maintenance.
TCR signaling is required for exhausted-like TRM cell formation and maintenance. (A) Nur77-GFP mice were infected with influenza PR8. Spleens and lungs were harvested after intravenous administration of CD45 Ab. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in TRM cells, lung-circulating memory (TM-Circ, intravenous Ab+), and TM-SPL cells was assessed by flow cytometry at 40 d.p.i. (B to D) Nur77-GFP mice were infected with influenza PR8 and received vehicle or FTY720 daily starting at 21 d.p.i. Mice were euthanized after intravenous administration of CD45 Ab at 40 d.p.i. (B) Schematic of experimental design (top) and representative flow cytometry plots of Nur77-GFP expression in NP366–374 or PA224–233 TRM cells. (C) Quantification of percentages of Nur77-GFP+ cells in NP366–374 or PA224–233 TRM cells after vehicle or FTY720 treatment. (D) PD-1, TIM-3, CD69, or CD103 expression on NP366–374 or PA224–233 TRM cells after vehicle or FTY720 treatment was assessed by flow cytometry. (E and F) Thy1.1+ C57BL/6 WT and Thy1.2+Nr4a1−/− (Nur77) mixed bone marrow (BM) chimeric mice were infected with influenza PR8. Spleens and lungs were harvested after intravenous administration of CD45 Ab at 40 d.p.i. (E) PD-1 expression on NP366–374 or PA224–233 TRM cells was determined by flow cytometry. (F) Representative plots (left) and percentages (right) of NP366–374 or PA224–233 TRM cells in Thy1.1+ WT or Thy1.2+Nr4a1−/−-resident CD8+ T cells. Representative of two to three experiments (n = 3 to 5). Data are mean ± SD; ns, not significant. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, unpaired two-tailed t test.
Zheng Wang et al. Sci. Immunol. 2019;4:eaaw1217
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