1. Discussion paper on Applicable Test Cycle and Mode Construction
Prepared by Japan
14th DHC Meeting
JRC, Ispra Italy
24 September 2012

2. CLOSED CLOSED CLOSED CLOSED Today's Topic 1-1. Open Issues -1 Issues
Discussion points
Status 1
Deadline for submission of driving data
India and China requested deadline be extended to May
Decided to start development of new cycle after 8th DHC meeting. Later data submission is still open for analysis. 2
Regional Weighting when developing the WLTC
traffic volume
same weighting
compromised weighting
It was agreed to adopt the traffic volume ratio during the 8th DHC meeting 3
Threshold Speed for L/M/H
according to DHC-06-03
CP’s requirement
Threshold speeds of 60, 80 and 110km/h were agreed for the cycle phases during 7th DHC meeting 4
High Phase Cycle Construction (US&EU versus other regions)
only ONE unified cycle
possess TWO types of High phase cycle
It was agreed to possess two (2) types of HIGH phase cycle during 7th meeting. 5
Mode Construction
a) needs for hot start
b) series or independent for eH phase
c) alternative cycle for eH
Base mode construction was provided for Validation 2. Based on validation2 results, final decision will be discussed.
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3. CLOSED Today's Topic CLOSED NEW 1-2. Open Issues -2 Issues
Discussion points
Status 6
Weighting Factor for L/M/H/Ex-H Phase
harmonized weighting factors
permit regional weighting factors
Under the discussion, refer document DHC for explanation of (b) 7
Gear Shift Points
fixed points
based on vehicle specification
others
Vehicle specific shift points (b) was provided for Validation 2. 8
How to treat the vehicles which are not able to follow the prescribed cycle
continue to drive with wide-open-throttle
exempt the Ex-H (or M&H) phase (s)
Refer document DHC for further discussion 9
Check the driving profile based on the vehicle characteristic
Analyze the in-use data based on vehicle characteristic (i.e. power to mass ratio) 10
Flexibility of applicable test cycle
accept higher PtM class cycle
vehicle spec.oriented
Explain concept and further discussion will be done during next DHC meeting
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4. issue-1 issue-2 2. Summary of Applicable Test Cycles New Proposal
Letter Number
Phase Class
New Proposal
L3 + M3 +
H3 (+ ??)
L3 + M3- + H3-
L3 + M3 + H3 (+ eH3)
issue-1
issue-2 34
Power* to Mass** Ratio (kW/t)
L2 + M2 + L2
L2 + M2 + H2
L2 + M2 + H2 (+ eH2) 22
L1 + L1 + L1
L1 + M1 + L1 ～ ～ 70 90
120
135
Maximum Vehicle Speed *** (km/h)
*) 30 minutes maximum power for Battery
**) Curb Mass
***) 30 minutes maximum speed for BEV

5. 3. Issues to be Discussed for Applicable Test Cycle
1. Adoption of new cycle (Class3-)
(1) Necessity of Class3- Category
　　　　 and Impact of Class3- Cycle -- refer DHC14-03
(2) Cycle Time Table upload to JRC server
2. Exemption of Ex-High phase
(1) Threshold of maximum vehicle speed
(2) Alternative cycle for Ex-High phase
(3) CP needs

6. × ○ 4-1. Sampling Method <conditions for Mode construction>
critical
disadvantage
advantage
Pollutants sampling
One bag / filter
Each phase sampling
Regional / Vehicle
Representative
No flexibility for different mode construction (regional needs and/or vehicle characteristic *)
Possess flexibility for different mode construction (regional needs and/or vehicle characteristic *)
limit / incentive / customer info.
Impossible to set each phase limit / incentive and to provide precise info. for customer.
Be able to set each phase limit / incentive and to provide precise info. for customer
Flexible for future needs.
Testing accuracy
Secure PM measurement accuracy
Impossible to compensate in each phase (Ki / RCB)
Concern on PM measurement accuracy
 allow one sample for L~H phase and one for eH
or as it is
Be able to compensate in each phase (Ki / RCB)
Testing efficiency
Testing burden to conduct multiple mode on same vehicle if necessary.
Testing burden for Ki/RCB measurement
 Ki : allow to apply H phase Ki for eH.
 RCB : no compensation when RCB is less than [abc] %
 Range : SAE shorten method × ○
*) Ex-H phase shall be exempted when vehicle maximum speed is less than [xyz] km/h or CP needs

7. 4-2. Proposed Mode Construction
[ Baseline test - Cold start -]
LOW
589s
MIDDLE
433s
HIGH
455s
Ex-HIGH
323s
exempt for vehicles whose maximum speed is equal or less than [xyz] km/h or
CP option
soak
Sample#1
RCB#1
Sample#2
RCB#2
Sample#3
RCB#3
Sample#4
RCB#4
[ Baseline test
- Hot start -]
PM shall be analyzed with one filter
LOW
589s
MIDDLE
433s
warm up
Necessity of hot start test will be decides based on validation 2 results
Sample#1
RCB#1
Sample#2
RCB#2
Each CP shall provide COLD/HOT weighting factor
cold/hot
weighting
phase
data
phase
data
phase
data
phase
data
standalone
Can be combined, as an option

8. 4-3. Proposed Mode Construction
[ Range tests ]
Charge Batteries
LOW
589s
Charge Batteries
Charge Batteries
MIDDLE
433s
Charge Batteries
Can be combined,
as an option
Charge Batteries
HIGH
455s
Charge Batteries
Charge Batteries
Ex-HIGH
323s
Charge Batteries
standalone
exempt for vehicles whose maximum speed is equal or less than [xyz] km/h or
CP option
Cumulative Whr
Sample#n *
RCB#n
Cumulative Whr
As an option, allow to apply SAE method to get each phase Range for BEV
Charge Batteries
LOW
589s
MIDDLE
433s
HIGH
455s
Ex-HIGH
323s
Steady
Speed
Charge Batteries
Cumulative Whr
Sample#1
RCB#1n
Sample#2
RCB#2n
Sample#3
RCB#3n
Sample#4
RCB#4n
Cumulative Whr

9. 4-4. Ki Determination ・ Enormal･LOW(g/km) DLoad (km)
Ex-H phase Ki : allow to use H phase Ki
As an option, allow to conduct Ex-H Ki determination
Test without regeneration
each of L ~ H -
Loading cycle
Test with regeneration
Start of regeneration
LOW
589s
MIDDLE
433s
HIGH
455s
LOW
589s
MIDDLE
433s
HIGH
455s
LOW
589s
MIDDLE
433s
HIGH
455s 1 2 ・ n
Sample#1
Sample#2
Sample#3
LOW
589s
MIDDLE
433s
HIGH
455s
PM shall be analyzed with one filter
Under regeneration ・
Enormal･LOW(g/km)
DLoad (km)
(including test distance)
End of regeneration
LOW
589s
MIDDLE
433s
HIGH
455s
ExHのKiはフェーズHのKiを使ってもよい。もちろん、ExHのKiを計測することも認められる。
L～HのKiを求める方法は次のとおり。
まず、再生に入らない状態のエミッションを計測する。これは通常と同じ方法。
その後、再生が発生する直前まで走行し、各フェーズの走行距離を得ておく。
再生に入る最初のサイクルから再生が終了するサイクルまでの間、フェーズ毎にエミッションを足し合わせる。
その結果を受けて、例えば、フェーズLのKiについては、この表の式のように計算できる。フェーズMとHについても同様。
Sample#1
Sample#2
Sample#3
<Example of additive Ki factor for Low phase>
Eregen･LOW(g/km) =
∑ Mregen･LOW (k) / DLOW *n
Dregen (km)
Ki =
( Enormal･LOW * DLoad + Eregen･LOW * Dregen ) n
- Enormal･LOW*(DLoad+ Dregen)
k=1 9

10. 4-5. RCB Compensation Factor for only CO2 and FC
Cold factor for LOW and MIDDLE phases
Hot factor for ALL phases
preconditioning
preconditioning
LOW
589s
LOW
589s
LOW
589s
LOW
589s
Overnight
soak
Set SOC
at several level
MIDDLE
433s
MIDDLE
433s
MIDDLE
433s
MIDDLE
433s
Set SOC
at several level
Sample
RCB
HIGH
455s
HIGH
455s
Sample
RCB
Ex-HIGH
323s
Ex-HIGH
323s
As an option, consider no compensation when RCB in each phase is less than [abc] %
 depends on E-Lab. sub-group discussion
exempt for vehicles whose maximum speed is less than [xyz] km/h
or CP option
Sample
RCB
これは、電気自動車やプラグインハイブリッド車について、初期充電量の影響を評価するための方法。
SOCをいくつかのレベルで設定して、それを各フェーズで走行してエミッションや燃費をとる。
本件、技術的に高度な内容になるので、DHCで専門家から説明させたい。
DHCより前に説明が必要なら、専門家を派遣することも考える。
SOC = State of Charge
RESS = Rechargeable energy storage system Charge Balance 10

11. Conventional Vehicles
5. Next Actions
2012
2013
Apr. ~
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Meeting (including proposal)
14th
15th
16th
Open Issues
gtr / Technical Report
Related VTF activities
Related DTP activities
ICE/E-Lab.
Conjunction with DTP
Close All Open Issues
Draft gtr / Outline of Technical Report
Conventional Vehicles
Preparation
Electrified Vehicles
Start confirmation
and
Round-Robin test
R/L determination
Initial analysis
Final analysis

12. Fix Cycle Profile and Mode Construction
6. Next Meeting
Next 15th DHC meeting will be set around middle of December 2012 at [ Place ].
Main agenda items are
Fix Cycle Profile and Mode Construction
Preparation for next Geneva
Detailed information will be noticed by [ Day Month ] 2012.
Comments shall be sent to Mr. Ichikawa,
Technical Secretariat; 12