Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
Published byΕυρυδίκη Αθανασίου Modified over 6 years ago
1
Magic ‘e’ Rule 1 A silent ‘e’ at the end of a word makes the vowel in front say its name. 1 Hate Make Ride Fine Hope Note Tube Use Poke Alone 2 Price Spike Choke Stone Brave Flame Huge Amuse Shave Awake 3 Extreme Expose Inflate Brake (car/bike) Scale Oppose Suppose Surprise Behave Female Prove Move Love Lose( Rhymes with choose) Have Come Gone BUT Word for the week People It has 6 letters It has 2 ‘’e’s’’ It has ‘’eo’’ in the middle
2
ue and ve Rule 2 No word in English ends in ‘’u’’ or ‘’v’’. ‘’ue’’ or ‘’ve’’ must be written. 1 Dive Drive Slave Gave Give Love Blue True Glue 2 Prove Remove leave Value Statue Flame Continue Barbeque Forgive Believe 3 Approve Revive Relative Expensive Issue Virtue Rescue Fatigue Pursue Tissue Remember: The sound uv is spelt uve Love Dove Glove Above Word for the week Friend It has 6 letters Friend ends in end Friday is at the end of the week. My friend is coming out on Friday.
3
Soft ‘c’ Rule 3 When ‘c’ is followed by e, I or y, it makes the sound ‘s’. 1 Ice Nice Dance Since Ace Pace Place Fancy December 2 Police City Centre Advance Glance Certain Distance Concert Balance Cycle 3 Source Introduce Decide Innocent procession Succession Justice Century Experience Currency Word for the week Many It has no ‘e’ It has 4 letters It contains the word ‘any’ Mnemonic: Martin Ate No Yoghurt Mary Arrives Next Year
4
Soft ‘g’ Rule 4 When ‘g’ is followed by e, I or y, it makes the sound ‘j’. 1 Age Page Cage Wage Strange Danger Large Charge Gem 2 Stranger Damage Village General Manage Advantage Engine giant Gentle Technology 3 Generous Genuine Intelligence Courageous Emergency Religion Digestion Biology Register Arrangement Word for the week Where Where are you? Contains the word here It refers to a place
5
‘le’ at the end. Rule 5 The sound ‘ul’ at the end of a word is often ‘le.’ 1 little battle kettle bottle handle sparkle jungle angle apple table 3 obstacle invisible reliable impossible manageable suitable probable double couple single responcible 2 title ankle feeble puddle rattle terrible horrible possible people Word for the week Were We were at school Contains the word ‘we’ (were) It has 4 letters It is a verb: you were we were they were
6
‘se’ and ‘ze’ at the end Rule 6
Singular words ending in the sound s or z end in the letters ‘se’ and ‘ze’. This distinguishes them from plural words ending in ‘s’. 1 Cheese else mouse house horse prize size case please nurse 2 nonsense lose base noise wise refuse confuse ease gaze blaze 3 bruise increase surprise purpose release disease coarse advertise purchase seize 5 words with ze after ee breeze freeze squeeze sneeze wheeze (z) (s) (s) (s) (s) (z) (z) (s) (z) (s) (s) (z) (s) (z) (z) (z) (z) (z) (z) (z) (z) (s) (z) (s) (s) (z) (s) (z) (s) (z) Learn these together Word for the week sure It has 4 letters These is no ‘sh’ Mnemonic Sam Uses Red Eggs
7
sense nonsense dense tense rinse expense expanse dispense
‘nce’ at the end Rule 7 The sound ns at the end of a base word is nearly always spelt ‘nce’. 1 dance fence mince pence since chance once bounce 2 absence glance balance trance science prince romance entrance distance instance 3 confidence offence defence advance experience licence presence existence nuisance attendance Word for the week BUT Which sense nonsense dense tense rinse expense expanse dispense It is a question word It has 5 letters It begins with ‘wh’ Learn with where who why which
8
SUFFEXING (1) Dropping the final ‘e’
Rule 8 Drop the final ‘e’ when you add a suffix beginning with a vowel: ing -ed -able -er -est -y -ire -al 1 taking icing giving riding hoped liked rider rudest wider cheesy smoky 2 final arrival desirable believable continued refused wisest noisy offensive leaving forgiving famous 3 excited diseased inquiry injury reversal refusal excitable usage accuser expensive Word for the week Does It ends in ‘s’ It has 4 letters It has ‘oe’ in the middle
9
SUFFEXING (2) Adding ‘ly’
Rule 10 Rule 9 Add ‘ly’ to the whole word If the word ends in ‘y’ change it to ‘I’ before adding –ly e.g. happy add ly = happily. BUT if the adjective ends in ‘ly’ cross off the ‘le’ ad just add ‘ly’ 1 likely lovely safety bravely wisely timely rudely finally happily 2 lonely largely genuinely finely expensively massively merrily easily musically 3 merely lately definitely usually fortunately sincerely heartily satisfactory cheerfully successfully Simple = simply Sensible = sensibly Possible = possibly Horrible = horribly Comfortable = comfortably
10
SUFFEXING (3) Keeping the ‘e’
Rule 10 Keep final ‘e’ when the suffix begins with a consonant: ment -ful -ness -less -(some) 1 ageless hopeless hopeful hateful careful statement battlement whiteness strangeness rudeness 2 peaceful gentleness braveness feebleness movement management basement advertisement safety 3 coarseness priceless excitement encouragement achievement improvement purposeful resourceful tiresome lonesome wholesome Word for the week Because Big Elephants Can Add Up Sums Easily. Big Elephants Can Always Understand Small Elephants.
11
ei Rule 11 ‘I’ before ‘e’ when the sound is ‘ee’ BUT! seize
Word for the week 1 Field Chief piece grief brief 2 pier believe achieve relief shield diesel 3 Grieve yield mischief handkerchief achievement pierce retrieve N e c e s s a r y ( trace over the word with your finger) Never Eat Cake, Eat Salmon Sandwiches And Remain Young. Learn this sentence to help you remember! Or To remember one ‘c’ and 2 ‘s’ Think of a shirt having one collar and 2 sleeves
12
ei Rule 12 a) Use ‘ei’ for the sound ‘ee’ after c and b) Sometimes for the sound ‘ay’. 1 ceiling weigh weight eight (8) veil 2 Receive deceit conceit vein sleigh BUT! 3 deceive receipt neighbour surveillance reindeer Neither seize forfeit leisure their counterfeit foreign sovereign
13
C or K? Rule 13a We use C for the sound of K most of the time e.g. cap, cat, cupboard, copy, scream, act, cube, cage, ear, cream etc … We use K before ‘e’, ‘I’ and ‘y’ and after another consonant at the end of a word. Kangaroo skate koala skull 1 Take make kid kite kiss ink keep kick king 2 Kettle mask kerb key ketchup shake mistake kidnap kilt kitchen BUT! 3 Task kestrel chalk kipper kidney kiln kiwi kimono kind kiosk Word for the week Said It has 4 letters It comes from the verb to say We do not write sayed but ‘said’
14
Ch saying K Rule 13b Sometimes the letters ch are pronounced ‘k’ These come from Greek words Word for the week 1 Echo ache school chemical Christmas 2 Stomach technology scheme anchor choir chorus 3 Orchestra mechanical chemistry character chorus chaos chasm Writing It has a silent ‘w’ It comes from the verb ‘write’ Remember the - ing rule, cross of the e and add ‘ing’. There is one ‘t’ It has the word ‘it’ in the middle.
15
Doubling (1) ff ll ss Rule 14 The letters f, l and s are doubled after a single vowel. (The vowel is usually short). 1 ill will tell shall pull smell class less press off 2 Roll illness yellow gallop dull dwell Glasses offer office different 3 Collect allowed collage collection challenge difference affect possess passage associate massage BUT! Gas bus yes plus and Odd add egg fizz buzz Word for the week should Like, would and could it ends in ould. I should do my homework every night.
16
Doubling (2) Rule 15 a) Before a vowel ending (getting) b) In the middle consonants ( rabbit ) c) After a stressed short vowel ( forgotten, referral) 1 Letter funny pretty happy sorry stopped skipping getting bigger carry 2 Sudden correct appear narrow slipped muddy suppose beginning matter horrid 3 Jewellery successful intelligence marvellous opposite accidental common immediately commence innocent Word for the week breathe All animals must breathe to live It has an ‘e’ at the end and a long ‘ee’ sound It is a verb
17
‘ck’ or ‘ic’ Rule 16 Use ck at the end of one syllabled words and in the middle of words. Use ic at the end of 2 or more syllabled words. BUT! picnic 1 Sick stick sock black quick trick magic music public sonic 2 Wicked ticket rocket chicken wreck topic traffic panic plastic domestic 3 Heroic majestic athletic dynamic enthusiastic realistic horrific supersonic classic Word for the week Thought Its is verb - the past tense of think He thought he was right Look for the pattern ‘ough’ Pronounce the th properly - tongue between teeth!
18
tch and dge Rule 17 Tch and dge go straight after a short vowel 1
Match catch patch watch fetch edge ledge edge judge bridge 2 Witch switch pitch stretch kitchen dodge ledge ridge badger budget 3 Crutch bewitch butcher latch ketchup smudge pledge fridge knowledge acknowledge If there is another consonant after the short vowel we only need ch or ge. e.g. bench lunch hinge plunge
19
The sound ‘I’ at the end Rule 18a Spelt with a ‘y’ in these words
Keep the y when adding ‘ing’ to the *verbs from this list: 1 By *cry *try *fry *dry sky my why shy spy 2 July *comply * reply butterfly *apply *deny *rely *horrify *terrify guy 3 *clarify *multiply *satisfy *rectify *electrify *petrify *quantify *certify * verify *occupy Crying trying dying clarifying denying occupying applying Change the y to ‘I’ when adding ‘s or ‘ed’ cries /cried multiplies / multiplied occupies / occupied satisfies / satisfied clarifies / Clarified BUT! tie – tying – tied die – dying – died dye – dyeing – dyed
20
Plurals continued Rule 18b
Cross off the y and add ies : party – parties 3 Country / countries university / universities injury / injuries opportunity / opportunities society / societies inquiry / inquiries delivery / deliveries discovery / discoveries enemy / enemies emergency / emergencies 2 Spy / spies reply / replies supply / supplies entry / entries body / bodies diary / dairies family / families story / stories library / library difficulty / difficulties lorry / lorries lady / ladies baby / babies penny / pennies party / parties fly / flies bully / bullies ferry / ferries berry / berries cherry / cherries
21
Plurals - Add es after s, z, x, sh, and ch : sixes change f to ve and add s : wives add es after ‘o’ : potatoes 3 Loss / losses fox / foxes stitch / stitches lash / lashes church / churches thief / thieves shelf / shelves tomato / tomatoes echo / echoes Rule 19 2 Boss / bosses six / sixes buzz / buzzes peach / peaches wash / washes loaf / loaves knife / knives potato / potatoes volcano / volcanoes bus / buses kiss / kisses box / boxes dish / dishes catch / catches life / lives elf / elves wife / wives hero / heroes BUT! piano / pianos BUT! BUT! Video / videos Irregular plurals man – men woman – women mouse – mice foot – feet tooth – teeth child - children stereo / stereos Numbers, letters and signs ’s x’s +’s add apostrophe’s
22
Sounds altered by certain letters (i) wa and qua
Rule 20 The sound ‘o’ after w and qu is spelled with the letter a. was want wash wand wasp swan wallet water squash quarry 2 Watch wander wallop swallow warm quad quarrel quality squat squander 3 Waddle waffle warrant wan squadron quantity qualify quarantine squabble squalid BUT! W(h)at
23
qu Rule 20a The letter q has no sound by itself. We always put qu and it sounds kw. Qu must be followed by a vowel! quick queen quiz quack quest quite question 2 Quake quote quiet quite quit quaint quarrel quench request query 3 Quibble queasy quotation quell quirk quirk quizzical querulous require bequeath But queue quay REMEMBER (ii) The sound ‘wer’ is spelt wor. e.g. word, worm, world, worth, worship, worse, work , worst
24
el or al? Rule 21 1. After letters n, r, s, v, w, soft c and soft g – we put ‘el’ Where it means ‘to do with’ the word in front we put ‘al’ 1 Panel barrel level towel angel 2 Channel tunnel kennel vessel travel vowel trowel 3 Diesel jewel quarrel tassel shovel cancel BUT! Label chapel model pastel duel cruel 1 Musical comical coastal normal 2 Personal tropical mechanical 3 Accidental universal physical theatrical
25
All, well, full, till Rule 22 These words always drop one ‘l’ when adding another word. 1 Also almost alone welcome useful helpful hopeful harmful sinful handful 2 Although always awful wonderful careful meaningful tearful until resentful eventful Watch 3 Already altogether welfare beautiful cheerful peaceful successful fearful dreadful deceitful Word for the week listen It has 6 letters It has a silent ‘t’ It contains the word ten
26
‘or’ at the end Rule 23 ‘or’ at the ends of the words is often used for professions, or when the word means ‘one who’ or ‘that which’ 2 Director instructor inspector calculator junior 3 Author governor inferior survivor ancestor 1 Actor doctor sailor tractor inventor Word for the week separate It contains the pattern ‘par’ It ends in the word ‘ate’ We separate in parts
27
tion Rule 24 ‘shn’ at the end of a word is often spelt tion 1
Nation station action section portion motion lotion fraction 2 Direction condition invitation relation reduction addition examination 3 Explanation situation attraction exhibition preparation sensation conservation ventilation appreciation admiration concentration Word for the week Disappear It has 1 ‘s’ and 2 ‘p’s’ It ends in the word ‘ear’ It is made up of appear and with the prefix - ‘dis’ - disappear
28
Ssion / sion Rule 25 The sound shan at the end of a word is spelled sion e.g. vision. The sound shn is spelled ssion e.g. passion. 1 Vision television division invasion revision mission discussion 2 Decision conclusion confusion provision occasion passion expression procession succession 3 Erosion intrusion seclusion persuasion incision fusion possession progression omission
29
Ssion / sion Rule 26 i) The sound ‘cher’ is sometimes spelled ‘ture’ ii) The sound ‘er’ is sometimes spelled ‘our’ 1 Picture mixture fixture nature 2 Adventure puncture furniture pasture capture 3 Departure manufacture culture lecture agriculture temperature Word for the week weather 1 Colour favour harbour 2 Humour flavour labour neighbour vapour 3 Behaviour odour honour endeavour It has 7 letters It contains the word ‘eat’
30
The sound ‘us’ at the end of an adjective is spelled ‘ous’
Rule 27 The sound ‘us’ at the end of an adjective is spelled ‘ous’ 1 Famous nervous serious curious enormous furious 2 Numerous jealous tremendous generous religious previous dangerous 3 Ridiculous mysterious victorious glorious anxious mischievous gorgeous outrageous devious laborious Add – ly to make an adverb e.g. tremendously seriously previously
31
The sound ‘sh’ in the middle of words is spelled ‘ti’, ‘si’ or ‘ci’
ti si ci Rule 28 The sound ‘sh’ in the middle of words is spelled ‘ti’, ‘si’ or ‘ci’ 1 Nation patient initial session mission social special 2 Ambitious impatient infectious conclusion decision ancient sufficient delicious 3 Cautious preferential fictitious erosions persuasion especially sufficient appreciate malicious BUT! Fashion cushion
32
Shortened words Rule 29a These words have been shortened by joining two words together and placing an apostrophe where a letter or letters have been missed out Words which are shortened when added to another word. Not is has will shall had would are have am Do not he is she has we will I shall I had we would you are they have I am Don’t he’s she’s we’ll I’ll I’d we’d you're they’re I’m n’t ‘s ‘s ‘ll ‘ll ‘d ‘d ‘re ‘ve ‘m
33
Shortened words Rule 29b These words have been shortened by joining two words together and placing an apostrophe where a letter or letters have been missed out Words which are shortened when added to another word. can’t don’t hasn’t wasn’t he’s he’ll you’ll I’ll I’d I’ve won’t doesn’t haven’t weren’t it’s here’s they’ll we’d we’re they’re aren’t shan’t needn’t shouldn’t who’s what’s we’ll you're they’ve would’ve
34
Spelling of commonly used expression
Rule 30 These usually begin with capital letters because they often stand alone as a singe exclamation at the beginning of a sentence. Have fun saying these Make your own cartoon for display. Note: To indicate a lengthened Utterance, repeat the last letters Yeah! (yes) Yippee! Yuk! Yoohoo! Hi! (hello) Bye! (goodbye) Cheerio (goodbye) Ah! Aha! Oh! ( or o) Oho! Phew! Hey! Ugh! Ow! Wow! Ouch! Ahhhhhh! Ohhhhhh! Ughhhhh! Owwwww!
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com Inc.
All rights reserved.