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David J.A. Jenkins et al. JACC 2018;71:

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1 David J.A. Jenkins et al. JACC 2018;71:2570-2584
Supplemental Vitamins and Minerals: Micronutrient Risks and Benefits (A and B) Effects of commonly used vitamins and minerals and (C and D) vitamins with significant effects derived from summary plot estimates of risk ratios expressed as percentages. Popular supplements were without demonstrable effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) or all-cause mortality. Both folic acid and B-vitamins showed benefits for stroke, whereas antioxidants and niacin showed a marginally significant increase in all-cause mortality. These data highlight the lack of effect of popular supplements on CVD and all-cause mortality but demonstrate potential benefits of folic acid supplementation for stroke. *Slow-release niacin with background statins. NNH = number needed to harm; NNT = number needed to treat. David J.A. Jenkins et al. JACC 2018;71: 2018 The Authors

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