1. The 1850s:
Road to
Secession

2. Major Players Compromise of 1850
Henry Clay Kentucky
John Calhoun South Carolina
Daniel Webster Massachusetts
*North gets CA as a Free State
*South gets Fugitive Slave Law
& Popular Sovereignty

4. Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811 – 1896)
“So this is the lady who started the Civil War.” Abraham Lincoln

5. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.
2 million in a decade!

6. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

7. Development of New Political Parties
Democrats
Whigs
1852
Franklin Pierce
(James Buchanan in 1856)
Whigs
“Knownothings” mainly nativists (anti-immigration)
Liberty Party quick end to slavery
Free-Soilers end to slavery in territories

8. The “Know-Nothings” [The American Party]
Nativists.
Anti-Catholics.
Anti-immigrants.
1849  Secret Order of the Star-Spangled Banner - founded in NYC.

9. Republicans Liberty Party Knownothings Free-Soilers
All were AGAINST Kansas-Nebraska Act
(AGAINST popular sovereignty)

10. Election of territorial government under “popular sovereignty”
1855
Lecompton
Topeka

11. Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)
“Bleeding Kansas”
Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)

12. Bleeding Kansas Pro-slavery forces raid Lawrence
John Brown and anti-slavery forces

15. 1856 Election & Panic of 1857
James Buchanan - Democrat from PA defeats Republican John C. Fremont
Worst president in history?
Panic of sparked by economic crisis in Britain - bank failures and unemployment

16. Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

17. A House divided against itself, cannot stand.
The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858
A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

18. John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859

19. John Brown: Madman or Martyr?

20. 1860 Presidential Election
John Bell Constitutional Union
√ Abraham Lincoln Republican
1860 Presidential Election
Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat
John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat

21. 1860
Election
Results

22. First Secessions and the Border States