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Physics Final Exam Review
2019
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In physics, work is defined as ______
force times time force divided by distance distance divided by time force divided by time force times distance force time distance
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If you lift two loads up one story, how much work do you do compared to lifting just one load up one story? one quarter as much one half as much the same amount twice as much four times as much
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If you lift one load up two stories, how much work do you do compared to lifting one load up only one story? one quarter as much one half as much the same amount twice as much four times as much
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If Nellie Newton pushes an object with twice the force for twice the distance, she does
twice the work the same work four times the work eight times the work
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The unit of work is the watt meter joule newton second
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Power is defined as force on an object divided by the time the force acts work done time the time take to do that work work done on an object divided by the time take to do the work distance divided by the time take to move that distance force on an object times the distance the object moves
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The unit of power is the newton meter joule second watt
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Potential energy is the energy an object has because of its
density size location temperature speed
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The amount of potential energy possessed by an elevated object is equal to
the power used to lift it the distance it is lifted the force needed to lift it the work done to lift it the value of the acceleration due to gravity
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Kinetic energy of an object is equal to
its mass multiplied by its acceleration squared one half the product of its mass times its speed squared its mass multiplied by its speed one half the produce of its mass times its speed its mass multiplied by acceleration
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How much farther will a car traveling at 100 km/h skid than the same car traveling at 50 km/h?
Half as far the same distance twice as far four times as far five times as far
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An arrow in a bow has 70 J of potential energy
An arrow in a bow has 70 J of potential energy. Assuming no loss of energy to heat, how much kinetic energy will it have after it has been shot? 0 J 35 J 50 J 70 J 140 J
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Energy is changed from one form to another with no net loss or gain.
sometimes true always false always true
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As a pendulum swings back and forth
at the endpoints of its swing, its energy is all potential at the lowest part of its swing, its energy is all kinetic kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy all of the above
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When a car’s speed triples, its kinetic energy
remains the same triples increases by 4 times increases by 9 times none of the above
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A woman can lift barrels a vertical distance of 1 meter or can roll them up a 2-meter long ramp to the same elevation. If she uses the ramp, the applied force required is ¼ as much ½ as much the same amount twice as much four times as much
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A job is done slowly, and an identical job is done quickly
A job is done slowly, and an identical job is done quickly. Both jobs require the same amount of work but different amounts of energy power both a and b none of the above
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Which requires more work: lifting a 70-kg sack vertically 2 meters or lifting a 35-kg sack vertically 4 meters? lifting the 70 kg sack lifting the 35 kg sack both require the same amount of work
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A ball is thrown into the air with 100 J of kinetic energy, which is transformed to gravitational potential energy at the top of its trajectory. When it returns to its original level after encountering air resistance, its kinetic energy is 100 J more than 100 J less than 100 J not enough information given
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An object that has kinetic energy must be
at rest falling moving elevated
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An object that has kinetic energy must have
acceleration a force applied to maintain it momentum none of the above
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Which has greater kinetic energy, a car traveling at 30 km/h or a half-as-massive car traveling at 60 km/h? the 60 km/h car the 30 km/h car both have the same kinetic energy
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An object at rest may have
energy speed velocity momentum acceleration none of the above
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If an object has kinetic energy, then it also must have
impulse force momentum acceleration none of the above
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If the velocity of a moving object doubles, then what else doubles?
acceleration kinetic energy momentum all of the above none of the above
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All simple machines ideally work on the principle that
impulse equals momentum change force equals mass times acceleration total momentum before a collision equals total momentum after the collision work input equals work output kinetic energy transforms into potential energy
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The ratio of output force to input force of a simple machine is called the
fulcrum efficiency pivot point lever arm mechanical advantage
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A pulley system can change the direction of a force multiply the force
increase the amount of work done both a and b both b and c
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The ratio of useful work output to total work input is called the
mechanical advantage lever arm pivot point fulcrum efficiency
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A small economy car (low mass) and a limousine (high mass) are pushed from rest across a parking lot, equal distances with equal forces. The car that receives more kinetic energy is the the limo the small car neither one-they receive the same amount of KE neither one
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How many joules of work are done on a box when a force of 25 N pushes it 3 m?
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How much power is required to do 40 J of work on an object in 5 seconds?
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How much work is done on a 60-N box of books that you carry horizontally across a 6-m room?
0 J 6 J 10 J 60 J 360 J
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How much work is done on a 20-N crate that you lift 2 m?
0 J 1 J 2 J 20 J 40 J
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How much power is expended if you lift a 60 N crate 10 meters in 1 second?
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Suppose a moving car has 3000 J of kinetic energy
Suppose a moving car has 3000 J of kinetic energy. If the car's speed doubles, how much kinetic energy will it then have? 1000 J 1500 J 3000 J 6000 J 12,000 J
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It takes 80 J to push a large box 8 m across a floor
It takes 80 J to push a large box 8 m across a floor. Assuming the push is in the same direction as the move, what is the magnitude of the force on the box? 8 N 10 N 80 N 640 N none of the above
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If Kelly the skater's speed increases so he has three times the momentum, then his kinetic energy increases by 1/3 times three times nine times none of the above. The KE remains the same.
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A 60-N object moves at 1 m/s. Its kinetic energy is
more than 60 J
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Sue can easily lift a 45. 0-N rock with the help of a lever
Sue can easily lift a 45.0-N rock with the help of a lever. When she pushes down with 20.0 N of force, she lifts the rock 0.3 meters. How far does she move her arms to do this? 0.3 m 0.7 m 6.0 m 2.3 m 20.0 m
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A pulley has two supporting strands
A pulley has two supporting strands. In order for it to lift a load 1 meter, the person pulling will have to pull a distance of ¼ meter ½ meter 1 meter 2 meters 4 meters
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A frictionless inclined plane is 8
A frictionless inclined plane is 8.0 m long and rests on a wall that is 2.0 m high. How much force is needed to push a block of ice weighing N up the plane? 37.5 N 75.0 N 100.0 N 300.0 N 600.0 N
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A machine puts out 100 watts of power for every 1000 watts put into it
A machine puts out 100 watts of power for every 1000 watts put into it. The efficiency of the machine is 10% 50% 90% 110%
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Which has greater linear speed, a horse near the outside rail of a merry-go-round or a horse near the inside rail? the inside horse the outside horse neither, they both have the same linear speed
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Which has greater angular speed, a horse near the outside rail of a merry-go-round or a horse near the inside rail? the inside horse the outside horse neither, they both have the same angular speed neither, the have the same angular speed
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Which of the following is NOT a unit of rotational speed?
meters/sec revolutions/min revolutions/sec rotations/min rotations/sec
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What is the direction of the force that acts on clothes in the spin cycle of a washing machine?
inward down outward up
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A tin can whirled on the end of a string moves in a circle because
the can continually pulls on the string once the can starts moving, that is its natural tendency there is a force on the can pulling it outward there is an inward force on the can all of the above
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If you whirl a tin can on the end of a string and the string suddenly breaks, the can will
fly directly away from you fly off tangent to its circular path fly directly toward you spiral in toward your hand spiral away from your hand
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People in the future may well live inside a rotating space structure that is more than 2 km in diameter. Inside the structure, people on the inside of the outer edge will experience 1 g while people halfway to the axis will experience 2 g 1 g ½ g ¼ g 0 g
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"Centrifugal forces" are an apparent reality to observers in a reference frame that is
rotating an inertial reference frame moving at constant velocity at rest none of the above
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A person weighs less at the equator than at the poles
A person weighs less at the equator than at the poles. The reason for this has to do with the tidal bulges influence of the sun, moon, and all the planets higher temperature at the equator, and expansion of matter spin of the Earth none of the above
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As the rotational speed of a space habitat increases, the weight of people inside
decreases increases stays the same
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A car travels in a circle with constant speed. The net force on the car
is zero because the car is not accelerating is directed forward, in the direction of travel is directed toward the center of the curve none of the above is directed toward the center of the curve
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If Earth rotated more slowly about its axis, your weight would
decrease increase stays the same
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A possible space habitat of the future is a cylinder in space rotating about its long axis. What is the relative gravitational field along the axis of the habitat? ¼ g ½ g ¾ g 1 g 0 g
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A game room in a rotating space habitat is located in a 0. 25-g region
A game room in a rotating space habitat is located in a 0.25-g region. If a person can jump 0.5-m high in a 1-g region, how high can the same person jump in the game room? 0.5 m 2.0 m 4.0 m 8.0 m more than 8 m
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Where is the center of gravity of a softball bat located?
exactly halfway along the bat in the thin handle in the more massive part of the bat
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When a wrench is slid spinning over a frictionless tabletop, its center of gravity follows
a regular straight line path a wobbly path with irregular speed a straight line path with irregular speed
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The center of gravity of an object can be located by
balancing it above your finger looking at the intersection of lines drawn straight down from suspension points all of the above none of the above
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In which of the following is the center of gravity located at a point where there is no mass?
pineapple cookie glass of milk donut apple
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When you carry a heavy load with one arm, why do you tend to hold your free arm away from your body?
to change the mass of your body to be ready to grab something in case you fall to look good to change the center of gravity of your body and the load to change the weight of your body and the load to change the center of gravity of your body and the load
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The center of mass of the solar system
varies as the planets move is the center of the Sun neither a or b
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The long heavy tail of a spider monkey enables the monkey to easily vary its
center of gravity weight momentum inertia none of the above
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The charge of an electron is
positive negative no charge
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Atomic nuclei of almost all elements consist of
only neutrons protons and electrons neutrons and electrons protons and neutrons only protons
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Two like charges neutralize each other repel each other
must be neutrons attract each other have no effect on each other
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Protons and electrons attract each other repel each other
do not interact
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The fundamental force underlying all chemical reactions is
electrical gravitational centripetal nuclear none of the above
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Electrical forces between charges are strongest when the charges are
far apart close together the electrical force is constant everywhere
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Coulomb's law says that the force between any two charges depends
directly on the size of the charges inversely on the square of the distance between the charges both a and b none of the above
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Two charges are separated by a certain distance
Two charges are separated by a certain distance. If the magnitude of each charge is doubled, the force on each charge is halved doubled tripled quadrupled
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When the distance between two charges is halved, the electrical force between the charges
doubles reduces to ¼ reduces to ½ quadruples none of the above
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The net charge of a nonionized atom
depends on the number of electrons it has is zero usually cannot be determined depends on the number of protons it has
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A positive ion has more electrons than protons
more protons than electrons a +1 charge always one proton
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If you comb your hair and the comb becomes positively charged, your hair becomes
uncharged positively charged negatively charged
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Objects can be charged by
induction friction touching all of the above none of the above
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To be safe in the unlikely case of a lightning strike, it is best to be inside a building framed with steel wood either a or b
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The SI unit of charge is the
ohm joule coulomb ampere newton
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Two charges separated by a distance of 1 meter exert a 2-N force on each other. If the magnitude of each charge is doubled, the force on each charge is 2 N 4 N 8 N 16 N none of the above
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