1. Section Sec 7.2 Cell Structure
Unit 3
Section Sec 7.2
Cell Structure

2. Animal and Plant Cells Have More Similarities Than Differences

4. 1. Cell Membrane Cell Membrane: Boundary of every cell
Controls what enters and leaves cell through selective permeability
Boundary of every cell

5. a. Membrane Lipids Phospholipid bilayer: Polar hydrophilic head
Nonpolar hydrophobic tail

6. Cell Membrane

7. c. Fluid Mosaic Model
Phospholipid bilayer acts more like a fluid than a solid

8. 2. Cell Wall Only located in plant cells Surrounds ____________
Functions:

10. A Consequence of Cell Walls – the Great Strength of Woody Plants

11. 3. Nucleus Functions: Store
Nuclear Membrane: double membrane barrier enclosing nucleus
Chromatin: carries ______, coils together to form chromosomes

12. The Nucleus Think of the nucleus as the cell’s control center.
Two meters of human DNA fits into a nucleus that’s meters across.

13. 4. Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm: entire region between nucleus and cell membrane
Contains cytosol:

15. Cellular Anatomy
We’ll start by seeing what role these parts play in making and moving proteins.

16. 1. Mitochondria 1. Mitochondria: ________________
Site of Cellular Respiration:
Cristae: inner membrane to increase surface area for reactions

17. The Mitochondrion
Think of the mitochondrion as the powerhouse of the cell.
Both plant and animal cells contain many mitochondria.
(Mitochondria is the plural of mitochondrion)

18. The Mitochondrion
A class of diseases that causes muscle weakness and neurological disorders are due to malfunctioning mitochondria.
Worn out mitochondria may be an important factor in aging.

19. 2. Ribosomes Ribosomes: Site of ______ Synthesis
Made of ribosomal RNA and proteins

20. Ribosomes and the Endoplasmic Reticulum

21. 3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
-Like a highway, transporting material from one part to another
Rough ER:
Produces components of CM
Smooth ER:
make lipids, metabolize carbs., breakdown drugs and poisons

22. 4. Golgi Apparatus Golgi Apparatus:
Products of the ER are sent over, modified, stored, and sent out in vesicles

23. The Golgi Apparatus (or Complex)
Think of the Golgi apparatus as a busy airport receiving passengers (proteins) and sending them to their destinations.

25. 5. Lysosomes
Lysosomes:
Using enzymes and Hydrolysis, they digest macromolecules like proteins and carbohydrates
Video

26. The Lysosome Functions: Digesting food or cellular invaders
Recycling cellular components
Cell suicide (suicide is bad for cells, but good for us!)
(The lysosome is not found in plant cells)

27. The Lysosome
This bacterium about to be eaten by an immune system cell will spend the last minutes of its existence within a lysosome.

28. 6. Vacuoles
Vacuoles: storage and waste control

29. Two Other Unique Features of Plant Cells
The central vacuole may occupy 90% of a plant cell.

30. 7. Cytoskeleton 7. Cytoskeleton:
Gives __________ and maintains shape of cell
Can adjust for movement

31. Cytoskeleton

32. A Cytoskeleton Gallery

33. The Cytoskeleton
An animal cell cytoskeleton
The name is misleading. The cytoskeleton is the skeleton of the cell, but it’s also like the muscular system, able to change the shape of cells in a flash.

34. 8. Cilia and Flagella Cilia and Flagella: extend from cells
used to propel organism
Cilia: a large number of short hair-like extensions
Flagella: smaller in number and longer in length

35. Cilia on a protozoan. Beating sperm tail at fertilization.

36. 9. Chloroplast
Site for photosynthesis

37. The Chloroplast
Think of the chloroplast as the solar panel of the plant cell.
Only plants have chloroplasts, but animals reap the benefits too.

39. Cells In a Leaf

40. 10. Centrioles Centrioles:
Assist the cell in movement of chromosomes during cell reproduction

41. Ticket out the Door: Write the questions and answers
Identify and describe 2 parts of the cell that present in a plant cell but not an animal cell?
What do ribosomes do?
What is the nucleus surrounded by?