1. Development of First Kabuli Type Chickpea Mutant Variety in Bangladesh
Dr. Shamsun Nahar Begum
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture
BAU Campus, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

2. The chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is-
third largest pulse leguminous crop in the world
a legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae
also used widely as fodder and green manure.
important source of protein, carbohydrate, B-group vitamins, and certain minerals
key ingredient in hummus, chana masala, and can be ground into flour and made different food items
also used in cold salads and warm soups
Its different types are variously known as gram or Bengal gram
In Bangladesh it is an important pulse crop in the northern-western part of Bangladesh.

3. Based upon seed size and colour, chickpea is classified as “kabuli type”, or “macrosperma” and “desi type” or “microsperma”.
Kabuli type chickpea seed is bold and has thin seed coat ranging from white to pale cream in colour. On the other hand, desi type chickpea seed is small compared to the kabuli type chickpea and has thicker seed coat ranging in colour from brown to yellow.
The kabuli type chickpea is believed to have developed from desi type chickpea through natural mutation and selection.
Toker (2009) reported that kabuli chickpea could have originated from spontaneous mutants of C. reticulatum. However, in the market, both are simply designated chickpeas.

4. Global Production of Legumes

5. Area and Production of legumes in Bangladesh

6. The crop has been aggravated to several biotic and abiotic stresses and production potential has been seriously hampered. To overcome these constraints, genomic approaches have been deployed in recent years to understand the genetic basis of such complex quantitative traits and for trait improvement in chickpea (Thudi et al., 2014).
The objectives of this study were to develop higher seed yield, bolder seed size and resistance/tolerance to biotic stress.

7. Materials and Methods
Irradiated variety (Binasola-2 treated with 200, 300, 400 Gy 60Co gamma rays )
Growing of M1 plants (2,000 Nos./dose)
Growing of M2 population (10425 Nos.)
Phenotypic selection of M2 plants (85 Nos.)
Growing of M3 population (85 Nos.)
Selection of M4 Generation (CPM-kabuli and other 28 mutants)
Selection of M5 Generation (5 Nos. including CPM-kabuli)
Check the performance of CPM-kabuli 3-4 Years at Multi-location trials
Released as Variety

8. Results
On the basis of seed size and attractive color of seed, earliness and higher seed yield five mutants viz. CPM-7-400, CPM-7-300, CPM-4-300, CPM-kabuli and CPM of M5 generation were selected.
Seed size is more stable, highly heritable and easy in selection during segregating populations among yield components for the improvement of seed yield in chickpea

9. Preliminary yield trial
Table 1. Mean performance of five chickpea mutants for yield and yield
contributing characters at five locations during
Varieties/mutants
Days to maturity
Plant
height
(cm)
Primary branches plant-1
Pods
plant-1
(no.)
Seeds
pod-1
100 seed wt. (g)
Seed yield
(kg ha-1)
CPM-7-400
122a
39.8b
5.3ab
60.7ab
1.6b
14.5bc
1595b
CPM-7-300
118b
36.4c
5.9a
56.6ab
1.5b
14.1bc
1415c
CPM-4-300
39.9b
5.7a
64.8a
1.7b
17.1ab
1688a
CPM-kabuli
36.2c
5.0 ab
67.7a
2.1a
21.3a
1709a
CPM-2-400
115bc
45.3a
66.6a
2.0a
21.0a
1698a
BARI Sola-7 (check)
116bc
37.3bc
5.1 ab
54.2b
1.4bc
15.6b
1459c
Binasola-6 (check)
120a
38.2b
4.8b
56.3ab
16.1b
1547b

10. Advanced yield trial
Table 2. Performance of four chickpea mutants along with two check varieties
for different characters during
Varieties/mutants
Days to maturity
Plant
height
(cm)
Primary branches plant-1
Pods
plant-1
(no.)
Seeds
pod-1
100- seed weight. (g)
Seed yield
(kg ha-1)
CPM -kabuli
116ab
56.6ab
4.5ns
63.8a
1.9b
21.3a
1732b
CPM
63.9a
4.1
57.2ab
1.6a
17.2c
1642bc
CPM-7-400
59.8ab
4.0
58.9ab
14.6c
1552bc
CPM-2-400
61.2a
62.1a
1.7a
21.1a
1693b
BARI Sola-7 (check)
119a
61.4a
4.2
49.5b
1.5ab
15.6c
1483d
Binasola-7 (check)
118a
61.8a
49.8b
1.4b
19.2b
1544c
NS = not significant; In a column, values with same letter(s) do not differ significantly at 5% level by DMRT.

11. Zonal yield trial
 Table 3. Performance of three chickpea mutants along with two check
varieties for different characters during
Varieties/mutants
Days to maturity
Plant
height
(cm)
Primary branches plant-1
Pods
plant-1
(no.)
Seeds
pod-1
100- seed weight. (g)
Seed yield
(kg ha-1)
CPM -kabuli
120 ns
52.4b
4.3a
62.9a
2.1a
21.3a
1739a
CPM-7-400
119
55.6b
4.1a
50.9b
1.9ab
14.5b
1583b
CPM-2-400
120
60.8a
60.9a
21.1a
1719a
BARI Sola-7 (Check)
60.6a
3.8ab
57.4ab
1.5bc
15.6b
1567b
Binasola-8 (Check)
121ns
62.3a
61.1a
1.7b
20.0a
1709a
NS = not significant; In a column, values with same letter(s) do not differ significantly at 5% level by DMRT.

12. On-station and Farmers’ field trials
 Table 4. Seed yield of the selected mutants grown at research station and
farmer’s field during
Varieties/mutants
Seed yield (kg ha-1)
Ishurdi
Magura
Rajshahi
Average
Research station
CPM-2-400
1695
1705
1673
1691
CPM-kabuli
1745
1760
1735
1746
Binasola-8 (check)
1682
1710
1655
BARI Sola-7 (check)
1596
1585
1550
1577
Farmer’s field
1661
1685
1656
1667
1711
1737
1690
1713
1610
1650
1576
1559
1532
1556

13. Fig. Field view of chickpea
Fig. Chickpea seed of Binasola-9 (Kabuli type-Cream colour)

14. research station and farmer’s field during 2015-16
 Table 5. Comparative seed yield (kg ha-1) of the selected mutants grown at
research station and farmer’s field during
Genotypes/ Varieties
Seed yield (kg ha-1)
Average seed yield (kgha-1)
Research management
(kgha-1)
Farmers’ management
CPM-2-400
1691
1667
1679
CPM-kabuli
1746
1713
1730
Binasola-8 (check)
1682
1650
1666
BARI Sola-7 (check)
1577
1556
1567

15. Conclusion
On the basis of better performance of ‘CPM-kabuli’ like bolder seed size, cream seed coat colour and higher seed yield and we registered this mutant line as Binasola-9 by the National Seed Board of Bangladesh.
This variety is getting preference by the farmers of Bangladesh.

16. Thank you