1. 7-6: Intellectual and Cultural Movements

2. Learning Objectives
CUL 1.0 Explain how religious groups and ideas have affected American society and political life.
CUL 2.0 Explain how artistic, philosophical, and scientific ideas have developed and shaped society and institutions.
CUL 3.0 Explain how ideas about women’s rights and gender roles have affected society and politics.
NAT 2.0 Explain how interpretations of the Constitution and debates over rights, liberties, and definitions of citizenship have affected American values, politics, and society.
POL 1.0 Explain how and why political ideas, beliefs, institutions, party systems, and alignments have developed and changed.
POL 2.0 Explain how popular movements, reform efforts, and activist groups have sought to change American society and institutions.

3. Key Concept
The Gilded Age produced new cultural and intellectual movements, public reform efforts, and political debates over economic and social policies.

4. Education Public Education Colleges and Universities
Expansion to secondary level
English instruction
Adult education
Colleges and Universities
Modernized
Graduate school—research
Teaching colleges
Women’s colleges

5. Feminism Cause Focus Women outside the home Voting rights
College
Working
Voluntary organizations
Settlement houses
Focus
Voting rights
Susan B. Anthony
Sojourner Truth
“And Ain’t I a Woman?”
Urban reforms

6. Implications of Economic Problems
Social Sciences
Implications of Economic Problems
Looking at government regulation
Examining central planning
Lester Frank Ward
Dynamic Sociology
Intelligent planning
Decision making instead of genetic determinism (Social Darwinism)

7. Realism Overview Literature Art Decline of Romanticism
Exploration of social problems and conflicts
Literature
Edward Bellamy
Looking Backward: 2000 to 1887
Disillusionment with industrialization and capitalism
Art
Ashcan School of Art
Scenes of urban tenements

8. Pragmatism William James No ultimate truth
All beliefs should be tested by experience
Examine practical consequences instead of intentions or theories

9. Mass Culture Emerging Middle Class Leisure Publishing and Journalism
Increased access to education
Clerical office work
Leisure
Vaudeville
Circus—Barnum & Bailey
Wild West shows
Sports
Baseball, boxing, basketball, college football
Edison—kinetoscope
Publishing and Journalism
Linotype machine
Joseph Pulitzer
Reached a mass audience