1. Egypt Questions

2. Which option identifies the location of Upper Egypt and the reason for the name?
A. 1; Upper Egypt was a Saharan region with higher temperatures than Lower Egypt.
B. 2; Upper Egypt was a crowded area near the Nile River delta.
C. 3; Upper Egypt was an area of higher elevation with cataracts than Lower Egypt.
D. 4; Upper Egypt was a distant region with access to Red Sea trade routes.

3. 2. What would most Egyptian farmers and slaves do when the growing season was over?
A. Relax before the harvest began
B. Work on the pharaoh's building projects
C. Work as scribes
D. Travel to Nubia to trade surplus crops

4. 3. Which of the following is the best term that describes the ancient Egyptian's beliefs?
A. monotheistic
B. polytheistic
C. Hindu
D. Buddhist

6. Based on the passage above, which statement explains why Egyptians developed various forms of writing?  
A. to honor the many gods of writing
B. to express ideas that were difficult to write in symbols
C. to communicate with other people using other languages
D. to allow ideas to be written down on smaller pieces of papyrus

7. 5. The art and architecture of ancient Egypt were designed to emphasize the _________ ( Responses: value of the arts in daily life., role of the individual as an artists., idea of beauty as seen by the artist., religious idea of eternal life.)

8. 6. What is the most likely reason an ancient Egyptian citizen would celebrate the new year in mid-summer?
A. It is the start of the dry season
B. It is the end of the summer sandstorms from the deserts
C. It is the time of the opening of the quarries to start building pyramids
D. It coincides with the annual flooding of the Nile River

9. 7. Who was the famous female pharaoh who took partial control of Egypt shortly after the death of her husband during the New Kingdom period of Egyptian history?
A. Cleopatra
B. Hatshepsut
C. Isis
D. Nefertiti

10. 8. Why was the land around the Nile River in Nubia important to the ancient Egyptians?
A. It was considered to be the home of the gods
B. It was the land of the Great Pyramids
C. It was the home to the richest gold mines in the region
D. It was believed to be the Land of the Dead

11. 9. Who did the polytheistic societies of Mesopotamia and Egypt center their daily lives around pleasing?
A. the elders
B. the priests
C. the gods
D. the merchants

12. India Questions

13. What is the importance of the river marked with an X?
A. It is sacred to Hindu believers.
B. It is the only source of clean water in India.
C. It is the site of the earliest Indian settlements.
D. It is the only river that flows from the Himalayas.

14. 11. What did Brahmanism and early Hinduism have in common?
A. Both originated around the same time.
B. Both promoted the belief in a caste system.
C. Both promoted the worship of only one god.
D. Both originated to help the powerless in society.

15. 12. What does your new physical form depend on according to the Hindu belief of reincarnation?
A. Sutra, a string of true or wise ideas
B. Dharma, the principle of cosmic order
C. Karma, the sum of your actions
D. Shiva, formal mourning for the dead

16. Priests Merchants Laborers
13. What is the correct order of the caste system in ancient India from most powerful at the top to least powerful at the bottom?
(Click on the group and drag up or down to the correct order)
Priests
Rulers/Warriors
Merchants
Laborers

17. 14. What belief is the basis of the caste system in ancient India?
A. All people have equal rights.
B. Laws are handed down by God and may not be changed.
C. Behavior in previous life determines one's present social class.
D. The government is to decide a citizen's jobs and marriage arrangements.

18. The map illustrates the origin and spread of which major religion?
A. Buddhism
B. Christianity
C. Hinduism
D. Islam

19. 16. What is the most important goal of Buddhism as taught by the Buddha?
A. acquiring wealth
B. achieving rebirth
C. participating in missionary work
D. reaching the state of nirvana

21. Based on the excerpts above and your knowledge of India, which conclusion can be made about medical knowledge in India?
A. The efforts of medical workers were respected.
B. The medical techniques of Greek scientists were copied.
C. The traditional methods of curing physical illnesses were ignored.
D. The superstitions of the Brahmins were used to answer medical questions.

22. 18. Which feature of the Hindu-Arabic numeral system was an improvement over previous numeral systems?
A. the concept of zero
B. the use of prime numbers
C. the development of number lines
D. the creation of multiplication tables