1. Richard Nixon and the Watergate Scandal
United States History

2. Richard Millhouse Nixon
I am not a crook!
Presidential term:
Republican
Quaker
Conservative President
Resigned because of the Watergate Scandal

3. Spiro Agnew Vice President to Richard Nixon
“Spiro is Our Hero” for conservatives until:
Forced to resign in 1973
Had taken bribes while governor of Maryland and as Vice President

4. New Federalism
Nixon’s program to get rid of government bureaucracy on the federal level and give more power to state and local governments
At the same time Nixon wanted to increase the power of the executive branch
(Sounds a lot like Andrew Jackson)

5. Henry Kissinger Nixon’s national security advisor
wanted gradual pull out of Vietnam = Vietnamization
wanted to calm down the Cold War = detente
contain communism, but befriend China and the Soviet Union

6. Bipolar world Dividing the world into two super powers
United States = Democracy
Soviet Union = Communist
Though Nixon was a staunch anti-Communist, he wanted to calm down the political and military competition between the United States and the Soviet Union

7. Détente
Nixon’s idea of calming down the tension between the United States, Soviet Union and China
Build better relations to maintain peace

8. “Ping-Pong Diplomacy”
April 1971
Communist China welcomed the U.S. ping-pong team to a surprise match
Nine players, four officials, and two spouses were the first Americans allowed to enter China since the Communist takeover in 1949

9. Nixon Visits China February 1972
Nixon was the first President to visit China
Nixon met with Chinese leaders to create a friendly relationship between the United States and Communist China

10. American Soviet Summit
May 1972
Nixon went for a weeklong visit to Moscow
Met with the Communist leaders
First American President to visit the Soviet Union since WWII
Worked out nuclear arms limitation deal called SALT I

11. SALT I Strategic Arms Limitations Treaty
President Richard Nixon and Soviet premier Leonid Brezhnev worked out a treaty
A plan to limit nuclear weapons in the U.S. and Soviet Union and exchange scientific information

12. Watergate Scandal
Nixon Administration’s attempt to cover up its involvement in a break-in of at the Democratic National Committee headquarters and other illegal actions committed during Nixon’s re-election campaign

13. Democratic National Committee
DNC
Headquarters for the Democrat Party election campaign for president located across from the Watergate Hotel in Washington, D.C.

14. Watergate Break-in During the early hours of June 17,1972
Five Nixon supporters broke into the Democrat Party headquarters at the Watergate complex in Washington, D.C.
They wanted to steal information and wire tap the phones to spy on the Democrats for Nixon

15. James McCord One of the burglars caught Ex-CIA official
A member of the Committee to Re-elect the President (Nixon)
The burglars were paid by the White House to do the break-in

16. Frank Willis
Watergate Hotel Security Guard who discovered the DNC break-in

17. Washington Post
Newspaper that got the breaking news about the Watergate Break-in

18. Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein
Investigative reporters for the Washington Post that did the “detective work” to find out the truth and reveal the government cover-up of the Watergate break-in
Risky investigation
They had a secret CIA informant with a code name.
Retired CIA informant Mark Felt revealed his identity in 2007

19. Sam J. Ervin North Carolina Senator
Set up the Senate’s Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities to investigate Nixon’s actions in the Watergate cover-up
Found many illegal activities had taken place

20. John Dean
Member of Nixon’s inner circle of the White House and counsel to the President
Testified against President Nixon

21. executive privilege
The principle that White House conversations should remain confidential to protect national security
Nixon claimed that his illegal phone recordings on tape were protected by executive privilege.
The court forced Nixon to give up the recordings in October 1973.

22. impeach To bring formal charges against the president
House of Representatives votes to impeach
Senate then decides the impeachment and conviction

23. Nixon Resigns
On August 9, 1974 Nixon resigned in disgrace instead of being impeached

24. Presidents Ford and Carter The 1970’s
United States History
Mr. Terrell
Wednesday May 28,2008

25. Goal and Purpose:
11.06 Identify the political events and actions of Presidents Ford and Carter and the reaction of the government and citizens.

26. OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
Middle Eastern Nations that control the oil industry
Arab nations decided to use oil as a political and economic weapon against the United States and Israel

27. embargo
1973 OPEC decided to stop shipping oil to countries that supported Israel, mainly the United States
Raised the price of oil 70% and then 130%
Cost of crude oil went from $3 a barrel to $30 a barrel

28. Gerald Ford President 1974-1977 VP that succeeded Nixon Republican
Pardoned Nixon
Lawyer and college football player

29. Ford pardons Nixon Sept. 8, 1974
Ford announced that he would grant a “full, free, and absolute pardon” to Richard Nixon for any crimes he committed while President

30. Helsinki Accords August 1975 NATO and Warsaw leaders met
Borders of Eastern Europe were recognized
Soviets to promise human rights including the right to move across the border

31. Jimmy Carter President 1977-1981 Democrat
Business man and peanut farmer from Georgia
Promised moral leadership
Walked from the Capitol to the White House

32. Department of Energy
President Carter had the Congress create the Department of Energy to deal with the petroleum/ oil crisis
Encouraged Americans to volunteer to save energy

33. Love Canal
1978 discovery of toxic waste dumping by Hooker Chemical Company that polluted Niagara Falls, New York
Children got cancers and leukemia

34. Three-Mile Island
1979 Partial melt-down of a nuclear power reactor in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania that led to investigations in nuclear power plant construction in the United States.

35. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Government agency that oversees reactor safety and security, radioactive material safety, and hazardous nuclear waste disposal in the U.S.

36. Camp David Accords Historic peace treaty between Israel and Egypt
President Carter would not allow the leaders of Israel and Egypt to leave the meeting without signing a peace treaty to end war between their countries

37. Iran Major Middle Eastern oil supplying nation
Buffer state against Soviet expansion in the Middle East
Neighbor to Iraq

38. Shah The traditional king of Iran Wanted to westernize Iran
Islamic clergy and Iranian people did not like him
Forced to flee Iran in 1979

39. Ayatollah Khomeini Religious leader of Iran’s new government in 1979
Hated the United States
Turned Iran into an Islamic State

40. Islamic State
A state in which the codes and beliefs of Islam guide politics and direct every aspect of life
Mullahs = Islamic religious leaders
Religious practices are not by choice, but are the law of the land
Men are forced to wear beards and women must were veils & cannot work outside the home
Goal of radical Islamic terrorists

41. Iran Hostage Crisis
In November 1979 Islamic terrorists under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini captured the American Embassy in Tehran, Iran and held 52 Americans hostage for 444 days
They would not release the hostages until January 20, 1981 the day President Carter left office.

42. All in the Family Popular 70s television show
Main character Archie Bunker was a bigot = racist
Mocked his wife, verbally abused his liberal son-in-law, and feminist daughter as well as ethnic groups
The show tried to allow Americans to look at racism within their own families

43. The Jeffersons spin off of All in the Family
George Jefferson = Archie Bunker’s African American neighbor who was opinionated and successful

44. Good Times
Portrayed an African American family struggling to raise three children in a low-income housing development in 1970s Chicago

45. Disco music
African American and Latin nightclub dance music that became popular in the 1970s
Saturday Night Fever 1977 movie John Travolta became a disco king