1. All Minerals are rocks. … But not all rocks are minerals!!

2. 4000

3. Compare these 2 Samples:
Both are rocks, but only one is a mineral…WHY?

4. Mineral Characteristics
Naturally Occurring
Form in nature
NO human help
Olivine

5. Mineral Characteristics
Inorganic:
Not made from living things.
chalcenthite

6. Mineral Characteristics
galena
Crystal Structure:
Repeating pattern of atoms
Natrolite

7. Graphite

8. Mineral Characteristics
Solid:
Consistent
Crystal Shape
Density
gypsum

9. Mineral Characteristics
Consistent Chemical Composition:
Elements in a constant ratio
Example: FeS2 same as Fe10S20
Rainbow pyrite

10. Compare these 2 Samples:
coal
Both are rocks, but only one is a mineral…WHY?

11. Crystal:
A solid in which the atoms are arranged in orderly, repeating patterns.

12. Shape and appearance depend on:
Space for development
Temperature they develop
Environment around them

13. Crystals form by 2 methods:
1. Cooling Magma:
SPEED:
The faster the magma cools, the smaller the crystal
AREA:
The larger the area, the larger the crystal
Hematite

14. Crystals form by 2 methods:
1. Crystals from solution:
When water evaporates
Crystals form
Example: Utah Salt Flats

15. 6 common Patterns

16. 1. Cuboidal All axes are 90 degrees All faces are the same size
Example: Halite

17. 2. Hexagonal 6 rectangle faces Angles are 120 degrees
Example: Quartz, Beryl
                                                                            

18. 3. Tetragonal “Rectangle Sides” Axes are 90 degree angles
                                                                  
“Rectangle Sides”
Axes are 90 degree angles
Example: Zircon

19. 4. Orthrombic
90 degree axes
More brick shaped than tetragonal
                                                            
                                                         

20. 5. Monoclinic
Only 1 90 degree angle

21. 6. Triclinic
                                                                         
Unequal in ALL dimensions