1. US History Mrs. Housenick 2/2/10
The New Deal

2. Election of 1932
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) overwhelmingly elected over Hoover
While campaigning, promised he would do something about Depression
Promised a “New Deal”—long-term relief

3. The Rise of FDR Privileged upbringing, went to Harvard
Religious home, taught to be compassionate to poor, serve the public
Practiced law, became a state senator and Secretary of Navy
1921—Struck with polio
Paralyzed below waist
Later, serves as governor of NY during 1st years of Depression
Why elected?
Reputation for helping poor
Charisma—warmth and confidence
Inspired real hope—he had overcome adversity

4. The Beginning of the New Deal
First 100 Days—much needed legislation passed right away
Bank Holiday—stop people from withdrawing money
National Industrial Recovery Act—pubic works program, created jobs, guidelines for fair wages, hours and working conditions
Federal Emergency Relief Act—gave money directly to poor and unemployed
Agricultural Adjustment Administration—paid farmers NOT to farm so prices would increase
Tennessee Valley Authority—government built dams and power plans to bring electricity to rural areas
Still around today!

5. Why Roosevelt So Successful?
Republicans and Democrats worked together
Roosevelt had top advisors—”BRAIN TRUST”
First female cabinet member—Francis Perkins (Secretary of Labor)
Gained trust of people with fireside chats
Willing to go into debt to pay for programs
Keynesian Economics—only way to stimulate economy is for government to go into debt

6. Work Programs
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)—hired young men, in conservation work
Got room and board, able to send money home
Works Progress Administration (WPA)—created jobs throughout economy, especially in arts
GAINS FOR LABOR
National Labor Relations Board—gave workers right to form unions and strike

7. Critics of New Deal
Critics who thought Roosevelt was doing too much, others thought he wasn’t doing enough
Critics on right (Conservative Critics)
Said Roosevelt doing too much
Turning America into a communist society
American Liberty League—businessmen who thought government spending too much on poor, trying to “Sovietize” US
Critics on left (Liberal Critics)
Roosevelt not doing enough
Huey Long—Senator from Louisiana
Wanted program “Share Our Wealth” where government would take from rich and give to poor

8. Legacies of the New Deal
1. Expanded presidential power
Roosevelt argued with Supreme Court who outlawed many of his programs
Roosevelt tried to pass a new law, adding judges to Supreme Court so they could support his programs (Court-packing plan)
Failed, but showed FDR trying to extend his power
2. Expanded role of federal government
Government moves away from laissez-faire, admit must help poor
Start of welfare programs like Social Security

9. Legacies of the New Deal ctnd.
3. Increased role of women
Eleanor Roosevelt, Francis Perkins
4. Many programs still with us today
Social Security Administration
Securities and Exchange Commission—regulates stock market
FDIC—insures bank deposits
5. Helped us get out of Depression
Did decrease unemployment, business failures
WON’T REALLY GET OUT OF DEPRESSION UNTIL WWII!!!!