2. The most commonly reported nail conditions, seen by podiatrists, are:
Onychocryptosis, 26%
Onychauxis & onychogryphosis 22.8%
Onychophosis 18.8%
Onychomycosis 8.3%
Nail Matrix Disorders
Nail Fold Disorders
Nail Bed Disorders
Nail Plate Disorders

3. ONYCHIA
an inflammation of the matrix (surrounding tissue) of the nail with formation of pus and shedding of the nail. Onychia results from the introduction of microscopic pathogens through small wounds.

4. Origin: onycho-+ G. Krypto, to conceal
Onychocryptosis
commonly known as "ingrown nails" (unguis incarnatus), can affect either the fingers or the toes.
Origin: onycho-+ G. Krypto, to conceal

5. Enlargement with increased thickening and curvature of the fingernails or toenails. Synonym: gryposis unguium, onychogryphosis. Origin: onycho-+ G. Gryposis, a curvature
Onychogryposis
also called "ram's-horn nail", is a thickening and increase in curvature of the nail. It is usually the result of injury to the matrix.

6. Onychorrhexis
Spontaneous longitudinal splitting or breaking of the nails.

7. Psoriasis
Nail plate appears course, ridged surface with pitting.

8. Yellowish brown discolouration and crumbling of the nail plate which starts at the free edge and spreads proximally.
Demotophyte infection
Onychomycosis

10. Onychomycosis
Oh, My!

12. Onycholysis
a loosening of the exposed portion of the nail from the nail bed, usually beginning at the free edge and continuing to the lunula.

13. Origin: onycho-+ G. Madesis, a growing bald, fr
Origin: onycho-+ G. Madesis, a growing bald, fr. Madao, to be moist, (of hair) fall off
Onychomadesis
separation and falling off of a nail from the nail bed.

14. Plicatured Nail
A transverse curvature of the nail plate, which may appear natural but can become acutely, curved into the sulci. Comes in three types: tile shaped describes an oblong nail flanged with symmetrical curvature into the sulci. Plicatured nails remain flat in the central part with either one side (uni) or bilateral (both sides) curvature to the sulci. Omega nails present extreme curvature of the nail plate.

15. Leukonychia Striata
Leukonychia describes localised hyperkeratosis, which causes the middle nail plate to separate from the ventral nail plate or the nail plates complete from the nail bed. This gives the appearance of white spots within the nail plate.

16. Onychauxis
Nail plate hypertrophy usually as a result of traumatic damage to the nail matrix.

17. Onychomycosis
also known as tinea unguium, is a contagious infection of the nail caused by the same fungal organisms which cause ringworm of the skin.

18. Onychoschizia
layering of the free edge of the nail e.g. brittle nails. Often associated with repeated episodes of wetting and drying and hence affects the fingernails more than toe nails.

19. Onychitis
Onychitis is shedding of the nail plate.

20. Hippocratic nails
(Clubbing)

21. Koilonychia
Thought to be hereditary in some instances but also associated with iron deficiency anaemia in children. More common in fingernails but also seen in toenails.

22. Melanonychia

24. Eggshell nails

25. Terry nails

26. Beau Lines

27. Onychophosis
(Callus on the Sulci)
growth of horny epithelium in the nail.
Can be the result of overzealous pedicure persistent micro trauma from tight shoes or presence of overlying nail.

28. Pyogenic granuloma
tumours often caused by trauma to the nail

29. Onychoptosis
which literally means "falling nail" in Greek
sheddng of one or more nails, in whole or part.

30. Onychatrophia – A wasting away of the nail plate

32. Pseudomonas bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are present throughout the world in soil and water. These bacteria favor moist areas, such as sinks, toilets, inadequately chlorinated swimming pools and hot tubs, and outdated or inactivated antiseptic solutions.
pseudomonas aeruginosa infection

33. <psychology> Habitual nailbiting.
Origin: onycho-+ G. Phago, to eat
Onychophagy is a medical term for nails that have been bitten enough to become deformed. Keywords: nail biting nail diseases onychophagy.

34. Paronychia
bacterial or fungal infection where the nail and skin meet.

35. Marked overgrowth of the fingernails or toenails. Origin: onycho-+ G
Marked overgrowth of the fingernails or toenails. Origin: onycho-+ G. Auxe, increase
Onychauxis, which is the medical term for an overgrowth or thickening of the nail, reveals nothing to the casual observer, the tech, or the doctor. Many times, in fact, onychauxis is a natural part of aging.

36. Abnormal brittleness of the nails with splitting of the free edge
Abnormal brittleness of the nails with splitting of the free edge. Origin: onycho-+ G. Rhexis, a breaking

37. Subungual hematoma
“Bruised Nails”
trauma to the nail results in a collection of blood under the nail

38. Any disease of the nails.
Synonym: onychonosus, onychosis.
Origin: onycho-+ G. Pathos, suffering

39. Swelling or hypertrophy of the nails.
Origin: onycho-+ G. Phyma, growth

40. Origin: onycho-+ G. Stroma, bedding
Synonym: nail bed.
Origin: onycho-+ G. Stroma, bedding

41. References
Albert SF 1996 Disorders of the nail unit In Harkless LB Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery 13: Baran R, de Berker D, & Dawber R 1997 Manual of nail disease and surgery Oxford Blackwell Science. Beaven D W, Brooks S E 1993 A Colour Atlas of The Nail in Clinical Diagnosis. London: Wolfe Medical Publications, Bodman MA 1994 Pedal nails and skin problems In Robbins JM Primary Podiatric Medicine Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co Hunter JAA 1995 Diseases of the skin In Edwards CRWW et al (eds) Davidson’s principles and practice of medicine (17th edition) Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone Johnson M 2002 The human nail and its disorders In Lorimer D et al (eds) Neal’s disorders of the foot: Diagnosis and management Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone Rayner VR 1973 An investigation into nail hypertrophy The Chiropodist 28: Sammon P D 1995 The nails in disease (5th ed.) London: Heinemann Medical. Butterworth-Heinemann. Springett K & Merriman L Assessment of the skin and its appendages In Merriman L & Tollafield DR (eds) Assessment of the lower limb. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone Therapeutics Guidelines: Dermatology Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited Version