1. Italy tries to become one!
Italian Unifaction
Italy tries to become one!

2. Step One: Barriers
The Italians did not feel as one. Each “state” was proud of their own heritage and often despised or fought with outer states.
Example: Romans hated the Florentine people
No political unity, Foreign leaders saw them as “laughable,” every revolt to rid the country of foreign rule was squashed by stronger foreign troops, (i.e. Austrian army).

3. Step Two: Leadership
Italy’s unification does not focas on one clear leader, but 3 different military men. One man will step out and be credited for most of the unification eventually.
1830’s: Giuseppe Mazzini founded Young Italy
1850:’s Victor Emmanuel wanted unity to increase his own political power as King
1850’s: Count Camilo Cavour will be named Prime Minister under Emmanuel and lead the charge to Italian Unity
1860’s Giuseppe Garibaldi began organizing an army to help unify southern Italy.

4. Young Italy Giuseppe Mazzini leader Nationalist group
Wanted one country of Italy, NOT separate states of Italy, (Rome, Venice, Florence…)
Set up a revolutionary republic in Rome, but it got taken over by French forces
Revolution failed, but the idea of One Italy was planted

5. Risorgimento
Italian Nationalist movement recalling the glory days of Ancient Rome
Supported by Victor Emmanuel II
Emmanuel II was a constitutional monarch in Sardinia who wanted more power

6. Step Three: Fighters Please
Count Camillo Cavour: Prime Minter under Emmanuel II
Lead a volunteer army to fight against Russian and gain French Allies
Believed in Realpolitik
Provoked a war with Austria to get France to help the Italians
Sardinia won, gaining valuable territory and helping Northern Italy to unite against Austria

7. Step Four: Unite Southern Italy

8. Step Four: Unite Southern Italy
Garibaldi and his red shirts
Area of Two Sicilies, Garibaldi and his volunteer army, “the red shirts” wanted a united Italy, felt that the army was ready, fan of Mazzini
Cavour sent aid to Garibaldi
1860, Garibaldi had over 1,000 red shirts to fight
Won land from Sicily to Naples
Garibaldi’s success worried Cavour
Troops meant to crush the red shirts helped unite the rest of Italy
Garibaldi turned all the land over to Victor Emmanuel II

9. Step Five: Reunited and it Feels So Good
1861 Victor Emmanuel II becomes King of Italy
Bismark aided the rest of Italy’s unification after handing over territory gained from his wars

10. Step Six: Barriers Again
Italy will face the issue of not many having allegiance to the new nation
Italy still had old rivalries within itself, causing a lot of national issues
Leads into many issues for Italy in the future