1. What are the main cell parts?
Chapter 2.3
What are the main cell parts?

2. Three main parts of a cell:
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus

3. Cell membrane: Cell membrane: a thin covering that surrounds
(covers) a cell.
It has 3 important functions (jobs):
-protects the inside of a cell
-supports and gives a cell its shape
-controls movement of materials in and out of a cell

4. Cell membrane - lipid bilayer:
Lipid bilayer- double-layered sheet that make up the core of all cell membranes

5. Cytoplasm:
Cytoplasm: is a gel-like substance inside the cell where most organelles are. Also, it’s a place where most activities take place. It holds organelles in their places.
Organelle is a specialized structure that performs an important function inside a cell (ex. mitochondria, ribosomes etc).

6. Nucleus:
Nucleus: is a control center of a cell. It controls all activities inside a cell. Nucleus is covered with the nuclear membrane- a thin layer that covers the nucleus.
Inside the nucleus is
DNA that has information
on how cell is supposed
to function.

7. Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes
‘Eu’ = true
‘Pro’ = not true
Cells are divided into 2 categories:
Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes

8. Eukaryotes
Eukaryote- an organism that has a TRUE nucleus. They have organelles that perform important functions (ex: in plant and animal cells).

9. Prokaryote
Prokaryote- a single-celled microorganism that DOES NOT have a nucleus (ex: bacteria, some algae)

10. Cell Comparison

11. Prokaryote
Eukaryote
Both
No nucleus or nucleolus
Has a nucleus and a nucleolus
Both contain DNA
Genetic material floats in cytoplasm
Genetic material in enclosed in a nucleus
Both have a cell membrane
Simple cell (bacteria)
Are in most plants and animals
Both have ribosomes
Bacteria divide by binary fission
Divides by mitosis
Both have a similar basic metabolism

12. Review: What are 3 main parts of a cell?

13. What is the function of the cell membrane?

14. What is the role of cytoplasm?

15. What is the role of nucleus?

16. What is an eukaryote?

17. What is a lipid bilayer?

18. Checking concepts:
All the life processes of a cell are controlled by the _________________.
The three main parts of the cell are the nucleus, the cell membrane and the ______________.
The _______________controls the movement of materials into and out of a cell.
Most cell parts are located in the ________________.

19. Checking concepts:
5. Almost all cell membranes have ___________________ . 6. A cell that does not have a true nucleus is called _______________. 7. An eukaryote has a nucleus and __________________ that perform important jobs inside the cell. 8. Organelles are placed in ______________.