1. Learning Objective
To be able to:
Describe how and why the body controls the amount of glucose in the blood
Key Words:
Blood, insulin, glucose

2. Control of blood glucose content
Wednesday, 22 May 2019
Control of blood glucose content
Date and title in books. You need a pen, pencil & ruler.
Starter Activity – 5 minutes
Exam question

3. (F)
Target 1-9
Identify the part of the body that controls glucose levels and state why it needs to be controlled
(F/H)
Target 4-9
Describe the role of the pancreas, liver and muscle cells in controlling glucose levels
(H)
Target 5-9
Explain how insulin and glycogen work together to control glucose levels
Extension: Application of Knowledge
Target 8/9
Compare type 1 and type 2 diabetes and explain why their treatments are different
Learning Outcomes

4. Controlling blood sugar
What happens when you take in lots of sugar?

5. Controlling blood sugar
When we eat food, we take in sugars. Our pancreas releases hormones to store or release glucose depending on what our body needs.

6. Controlling Glucose Levels
Blood glucose concentration is monitored and controlled by the pancreas.
If the blood glucose concentration is too high, the pancreas produces the hormone insulin that causes glucose to move from the blood into the cells.
In liver and muscle cells excess glucose is converted to glycogen for storage.

7. Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is a disorder in which the pancreas fails to produce sufficient insulin.
It is characterised by uncontrolled high blood glucose levels and is normally treated with insulin injections.
Often, it is a result of a unknown pancreas infection which prevents the pancreas from working correctly.
It is not due to lifestyle choices.

8. Type 2 Diabetes
In Type 2 diabetes the body cells no longer respond to insulin produced by the pancreas.
It is caused by an unbalanced diet and lack of exercise.
A carbohydrate controlled diet and an exercise regime are common treatments.
Obesity is a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes.

9. Controlling Blood Glucose Levels
Normal blood
glucose level.
Insulin produced by the _________ causes _______to change to ________.
________ released and _________ converted back to glucose
Glucose rises (eat food)
Glucose falls (exercise)

10. Controlling Blood Glucose Levels
Glucose rises (eat food)
Insulin produced by the Pancreas causes glucose to change to glycogen.
Normal blood
glucose level.
Normal blood
glucose level.
Glucagon released and glycogen converted back to glucose
Glucose falls (exercise)