1. EMEP Monitoring Strategy 2004-2009
Where are we, and how well will we succeed?
Wenche Aas
EMEP/CCC (NILU)

2. Positive consequences
Many countries have initiated national revision plans, the general impression is that most Parties intend to comply with requirements.
The strategy is used as an important instrument towards the funding authorities. CCC assists when needed.
Generally large interest from research groups to get involved in EMEP measurements.
A better link between the traditional monitoring community and the research groups has been established
Particulate matter observations are in very good progress
Support to establish EMEP level 1 sites in several EECCA countries

3. Status level 1 Main ions in precipitation and in air
heavy metals in precipitation
ozone
PM10 and PM2.5 mass
at ca 125 sites

4. Challenges
Level 1
Some Parties have given little response. Probably due to large difficulties to find national resources, most problems in Eastern Europe
Many sites lack a few parameters to get a complete measurement program of level 1

5. New EMEP sites in the EECCA region
Support from:
CAPACT
Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
KZ: Borovoye
RO:
PHARE project?
MD: Leovo
GE: Abastumani
UA:
In kind?
AR: to be implemented

7. Expectations, EECCA countries
A very important region
High emissions
Strategic area for hemispheric transport issues
Little monitoring today
Expected that most countries will sign the EMEP protocol soon.
Should establish at least one EMEP level 1 sites in each country. Support can be found, i.e from foreign aid money, EU, UNECE.
Training and capacity building is necessary.

8. Level 2, supersites (EMEP /GAW)

9. Challenges
Level 1
Some Parties have given little response. Probably due to large difficulties to find national resources, most problems in Eastern Europe
Many sites lack a few parameters to get a complete measurement program of level 1
Level 2
POPs monitoring receives little attention
Photooxidats receives little attention (but EU directive addressing PAHs offers assistance)
Full chemical speciation of particles is difficult. It’s costly and there are problems to harmonise methodology (i.e for EC/OC and mineral dust)

10. Interlinked POP passive sampling campaigns have been initiated to improve the poor spatial coverage at present:
~ 50 samples (INTAS 06-08)?
GAPS study
~30 samples (NMR )
~ 70 samples (NILU 2006)
~2*50 samples (NFR )

11. POP passive sampler campaign
Objectives:
To gain new insight into the spatial patterns
consistent sampling and analytical methodologies
passive air samplers as a complementary measurements
supporting model validation
Selected POPs: PAHs PCBs, HCHs, HCB, “New” POPs (PBDEs)

12. Monitoring programme, Level 3
Optical properties
Scattering and absorption coefficients
Also mention that other parameters than these defined can be useful for EMEP, like hygroscopicity etc.
Research driven and voluntary,

13. The nitrogen cycle and its influence on the European greenhouse gas balance
Coordinated by M. Sutton, CEH
> 60 partners, total budget ~28 mill €

14. Call for associates: www.eusaar.net I3-project
Coord. Flossmann/Laj, CNRS
Call for associates:
aerosol chemical properties (inorganic/organic composition)
aerosol physical properties (size distribution, mass)
aerosol optical properties (light scattering/absorption coefficient, optical depth)
aerosol 3D-distribution (vertical profile)

15. “New ground-based, aircraft and satellite measurements will be integrated with existing data to produce a global consistent dataset with the highest possible accuracy. A European measurement campaign will be designed around simultaneous multi-station observations, Lagrangian aircraft measurements and carefully selected "super-sites"

16. USERS http://geomon.ipsl.jussieu.fr/ GHGs Reactive Gases Aerosols
Its mission is to build an integrated pan-European atmospheric observing system of greenhouse gases, reactive gases, aerosols, and stratospheric ozone.
Ground-based and air-borne data are sustained and analyzed, complementary with satellite observations, in order to quantify and understand the ongoing changes of the atmospheric composition.
USERS
Additional measurements performed in GEOMON (to fill gaps and to link with EO observations)
GHGs
AGAGE,
CMDL
CarboEurope
IMECC
-Others
Reactive Gases
EMEP,
AirBase
NitroEurope
Others…
Aerosols
EMEP (WDCA),
EUSAAR
AirBase
EARLINET ASOS
AERONET
Others
Ozone/UV
NDACC
WOUDC
WRC
others

17. Challenges for level 3
Little attention for POPs and HM (Hg speciation)
General
data openness and intellectual property rights
No obligations to report data
capacities and/or competencies
More complex to assess
Discontinues measurements
data reporting
QA/QC

18. Expectations for 2009 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Meet the goal in most countries
Better spatial distribution in East Europe
Lack of completeness for some sites
Level 2
Gas/particle: more intensive (hourly) data, but probably not many that will start denuder measurements (NitroEurope will help)
VOC. Will be better because of EU directive, but probably not implemented fully
PM. EC and OC implemented, but not mineral dust
HM. Not fully spatial coverage, but improved
POPs. Have to complement with passive sampling for spatial coverage
Level 3
Well integrated for research programmes on PM
Vertical profiles form i.e EARLINET being more integrated